
Oass 
Book ._ 



€OPYRl€HT DEPOSIT 



p. p. fill. 



f) 




MANUFACTURER OF AND DEALER IN 



DOORS, SASHES, BLINDS, 

GLASS, HARDVFARE, &c. 

Office and Salesrooms, 20 Hayne and 33 Pinckney Sin, 

FACTORY, HORLBECK»S WHARF, 



OH Am^EHTOTV. H- O, 



All work fwad-e m this city. Satisfaction guaranteed. 



TI 

PHOSPHATE COMPANY, 

OF 

LOUIS D. DeSAUSSURE. President, P. T. 
FRANCIS S. PELZER, Treasurer. 

Directors— WILLIAM LEI3BY ; Wm. P. HALL ; B. GAIL- 
LARD PINCKNEY. 

The Atlantic Fertilizer and AciJ Pliosphatc are manu- 
factured under the direction of their chemist Dr. St. Julien 
Ravenel. 

These Fertilizers have been extensively used in this State 
and Georgia and have given entire satisfaction. Some of the 
most practical planters admitting it to be equal to Peruvian 
Guano, pound for pound. ' 

The best materials are used in manufacturing it, an.i ' 
expense has been spared by the Company to make u .. 

FIRST CLASS FERTILIZER. 

PELZER, RODGERS &. CO , 

GENERAL AGENTS, 
BROWN'S WHARF, 

CHARLKSTON, S. C. 



■HlC' 



Tin: 



OHIRLESTON GITY 



CM^ 



rei 



^^ 



Qf^ 





CONTAlNtNO A FULL AND ACCURATE DESCRIP- 
TION OF ATiL PLACES OP TNTEIKST IN AND 
AROUND THE CITY, AND OTHER 
USEFUL M.\JTER. ^ . , 

^^ J^r ^' /^^:^^ . ' 
Price, '25 Cents, 




PUBLISHED BT 

J. W. r> o L A N O , 

Office of " The Sunday Timrs,' 
CHARLESTON, S, C. 






Entered according to Act of Congress, bj Joseph W, 
DeLano, in the office of the Librarian of Congress at 
Washington, in the year 1872. 






OoinJ)iled by James Clayton t^rentisf'j 
Charleston, May, 1872. 



> 






The Charleston (luide 



Supplies ;i w.iiit long t'clt. 'J'lie ((ucstiou is daily asked 
by tourists iiud straugers iu the city,'' Cuu weget a Guide 
Book of the City?" Up to this tiui3 the answer has 
been "No." N'om aoons ch'inje tout cela. In this 
work will be found a great fund of information oon- 
(5erniug the city, from the earliest times, and its points 
of interest, with a brief sketch of each. The travelling 
public will appreciate our insertion of advertisements 
as a guide where to buy and of whom. These firms 
stand highest in the community, and no business card 
is admitted unless the house is known to the publisher 
as distinguished for probity and fair dealing. And as 
we are pleased with our production, we feel that the 
public likewise will be satisfied. 

J. W. DeLano, 
Publisher and Proprietor. 



ilQtliQi's gfefaee. 



The Author of this work desires to cxpreys his 
gratitude for the universal courtesy he has received 
from the people of Ch-irleston, and the valuable aid 
afforded him, in the matter of favors and information, by 
which the labor of compilation has been wonderfully 
lightened, lie is especially indebted to Messrs. "Geo. 
W. Williams, Augustas Ilayden and William G. Whil- 
den for books and library facilities. 

The publisher joins in the tribute, being an acknow- 
ledgement, demanded in justice, for the consideration 
this enterprise has met. 



The writers from whose works the histoiy is culled 
are llamsay, Carroll, Mill, Johnson, Ijaucroft, Fraser, 
Simms and Cardozo. 



tJeneral Iiidex< 



AilVciiita{,'PH, New Chadcstou, 5 

yxlliauce with Fran<«', 15 

Ai'clcrson leaves Moultrie, 61 

Arch' I ale Governor, 11 
iJeaurcsard decjaDcls Sumter, (1 

Uotnbardment of City, C>^ 

liritish assistance, 53 

BuUman, Rev. dismissed, 3'i 

( apital removal of, 51 

Capture of City, 1780, 47 

rustle Piuekney taken, ♦?! 

Chariest oil, change of name, 51 

Charleston, dpscription, 73 

Chei'okee war, 19 

City, British evacuate , 47 

Clergyman deposed, 33 

( linton. Sir H's, siege, 45 

Colonists reenter city, 49 

Columbia made capital, 61 

Comparison of revolution-^, 59 

« ustom House, new, 93 

Defences seizure of, 37 

Delegates, colonial meet, 35 

Discontent, spreading of, 33 

End of war, '76, 47 

English colony planted, 3 

Evacuation by Coufeds, 69 

Expedi ion at. Spaniards, 13 

Fort Jolmson captured, 37 

Fire of 1740, 13 

•' 1778, 43 

'• 1861, 77 

First attack '76, 39 

Fortified in 1765, 27 

Gilmore demands surrender, 65 

Grant, Middl^-ton duel, 23 

Gurerard Benj. Governor, 51 

Harbor scenes in, 87 

Harbor obstruction of, 37 

Huguenots arrive. 3 

Hurricane of 1752. 17 

Inundation of 1728. 11 

'• 1752. 17 

John's Island, battle of, G7 



Landing af Spaniards, 3 

Leaden of Nullification. 65 

Lotrislaturc first met. 35 

Middleton Grant duel. 23 

Mouitors, attack by. 53 

Morris Island captured 05 

" " scenes on 85 

Moultrie, Fort built. yy 

" " described. 81 

Moultrie Gtjncrai. 37 

Mount Plpasaut. gg 

Naval engagement '75. 37 

Nullification t egan. 51 

" principle-s. 53 

" proclamation. 57 

Osceola, grave of 83 

Parti "san spirit. 25 

Parliament convened. 7 

Parker Sir P. defe ted . 41 

Pitt, statue of. 33 

Pirates, alarm for 7 

Preparing for war, 39 

Prevost's defeat. 45 

Purry's proposals. 9 

Rebellions compared. 59 

Removal to Oyster Point. 5 

Revolution begun. 31 

Revolutionary oflacers, 21 

S'jcond attack 1779, 43 

Secret committee. 35 

Seeds of Revolution. 29 

Seizure of Arms, 35 

Shipbuilding begun. 17 

Soldiers burying ground, 89 

Stamps destroyed, 31 

State of Society 1765, 27 

States Rights, 55 

Sullivan's Island. 83 

Sumter bombarded. 61 

Sumter described . 79 

Third attack ] 780. 45 

Trade and Commerce 77 

Washington, visit of, 51 

War of 1861. 57 

Yellow t ever fir ;t visit. 13 



WHOLESALE DRUGGISTS, 

IMPORTERS AND DEALERS IN 

Drugs, IVf^edicine , Paints, Dyes Fancy Goods, 

Liquors, Perfumery and Druggists' Articles, 

Corner Meeting ind llasel Streets, 
(^HIAHJ.ESTON, IS. C. 

Are Agcu's for ihc fullowiiig bouses, whose iiriicles (liey 

otfer ill I'l-opi-ietors' Price, and solicit orders fur them iuid 

oiber Goo'ls iu their line. 
Tienuinn's lustrunieins, :ind arc constantly receiving the 

litest antl most iuiproveti articles in tliis line. 
Juo. Wyetb & Bro., of I'hilaclelpliiii — Elegant Pharmaceutical 

Preparations : 13oef Wine and Iron, "Tasteless Cod Liver 

Oil," Pepsin, Bisinutii and Strychnina, Etc. 
Ilance Bros. & White, of Philadelphia — Standard Solid and 

Fluid Extracts and Sugar>Coated Pills. 
B Keith & Co.. of New York — Reliable Concentrated 

Tinctures and Powders. 
Liebig's Texan E.K'ract of B^ef, in all size packages. 
Excelsior Spring Saratoga Water. Fresh supplies received 

monthly. 
SHOW CASES, WALNUT AND METAL FEAMES, PATENT 
SPRING ALL SIZES. 

They are Proprietors of the following, which they ofFei 
with confidence as being equal to any similar Preparations 
in the market : 
SUMTER BITTERS, The Groat Southern Tonic. 

MOISE'S FEVER & AGUE PILLS, Warranted to Cure. 

M OlSE'S LIVER PILLS, Purely Vegetable. 
MOISE'S POPULAR WIllTK WORM C.ANDY. 
MOISE'S flORSE AND CATTLE POWDERS. 
MOISE S MORNING STAR YEAST POWDERS. 



CHARLESTON fllHDK. 5 

command of an expe lition. an. I also liecause l^)rt Royal was 
decmo<l too near the Spanish settlements for safety, cansel a 
removal from that port to Ohl Charlestown, which became the 
capital of the colony. But it was too far up the Ashley. 

A. D. 1G80. The ilemands of commerce required increased 
facilities as the rising importance of the trade brought more 
ships into the harbor, so in the course of time the people 
moved over to the present site of the city, and in A. D. 1G80 
the government followed the governed and a formal removal 
by declaration took place. At that time the neck of land 
between the contiuence of the Ashley and Cooper rivers, (so 
named in honor of the then Lord Shaftsbury,) was called 
Oyster Point, and though lower than the location of the old 
city, it offered more advantages to commerce and aiforded 
better opportunities for defence, both against the Spanish and 
the Indians. The aborigines had, until a short time previous 
to the removal, been well-disposed toward the new comers, 
meeting them more than half way in hospitality and trade ; 
the avarice of the white man had, however, overreached his 
prudence and impositions became frequent; then began in the 
South the system of retaliation which was deep-seated in the 
North. The question of preservation became a vital one to 
the early settlers, and the natui-al advantages of Oyster Point, 
improved by the rude fortifications they were able to erect, 
made it almost impregnable to civilized enemies, and quite 
secure against their barbarian foes. Then began a long strug- 
gle for existence. The tribes of red men by which Charles- 
town was surrounded were wily and constantly aggressive, but 
the Spanish settlements to the south proved more dangerous 
and troublesome. The Spaniards had long viewed Avitli jealous 
eye the encroachments of the English and made several attacks 
by land and sea, but never succeeded in achieving a foothold 
in the colony. 



G 

11 . 11 . 1> e 1^ E O IV , 

No. 24 BROAD STREET. 

WLLL nVY AND SELL 

HEAL ESTATE, STOCKS, BONDS, COU- 
PONS, GOLD SILVER, BANK BILLS. 

PEOPLE'S NATIONAL BANK. 

C. 0. WITTE, Prebident. H. G. LOPER, Cashier. 

OAPITAL $1,000,000. 

With privilege to increase to $2,500,000. 

Collecis ut all available points and reniiis promptly. 



Tfee So, Ca, Loan & Trnst Company 

BANSING OFFICE 17 BROAD ST., 
PRESENT AUTHORIZED OAPITAL $500,000, Under 

Charter from the State. 

Francis A. Mitchell, Cashier. George S. Cameron, 
President. 

New York Correspondent, THE AMERICAN EXCHANGE 
NAIIONAL BANK. 



LOUIS D. DeSAUSSURE, 

mmWi Mi €®HHISSI©1 MMf 

For the Sale and Purchase of Stocks, Bonds, Real Estate 
and Loaning of Money. 

No. 33 BROAD STREET, 



CHARLESTON OUTDE. 7 

A. D. 1082. At the close of 1G82, the first rarliamcnt con- 
rened at Charlestown, and enacted hi\V:i for establishing a 
militia; for making high roads and ways through the forests, 
and for regulating the morals of the people. As for back as 
1674 the spirit of liberty, which culminated in the revolution 
of 177(5, and proved in 1801 that its fires still burned in the 
Southern heart, became manifest. Liberty of conscience and 
the acknowledgcmnt of their vested interest in the soil they 
tilled and the produce for which they forfeited their native 
land and lived in peril, constituted the sum of their just 
demand. Between the lords proprietary, who ruled the colony, 
from England, and the colonists there sprung up differences, 
and the authority of the proprietors and their deputed 
governors was defied. 

A. D. 1720. In 1720, the city had greatly outgrown the 
fortifications, and to the north and west of the old wall there 
lay a large tract to defend with inadequate means. Fears 
were entertained that the pirates, successors of those who had 
but forty years before been not only allies but actually of the 
town, and who originally had been sent out to war upon the 
Spaniards, but interpreted their commission to be general 
letters of reprisal, would fall upon the place and plunder and 
destroy it as they had other settlements along the coast ; the 
French too began to add to the cloud of dangers which hovered 
around the precarious condition of the colony and its capital. 
Amid all this the colonists and especially those of Charlestown, 
stood up manfully for their personal rights, dreading less the 
attacks of civilized and savage enemies than the encroachments 
of their rulers. 

A. D. 1728. At length a solution of the difficulties between 
the rulers and the people was found in the purchase of the 
interest of the original grant or charter of the colonics by the 
crown. 



THE MARINE AND RIVER 

PIMOSFHATE Minis 



AND 



MANOFACTURINGCO, 



OF 



SOUTH CAI^OL I N A. 



■:o:- 



D. T. COllBIN, Pres. RKUBEN TOMLINSON, Treas. 

B. C. HARD, Secretary. 



:o:- 



GROUND PHOSPHATE per ton,$12.00. 

:o: 

This Cornpi^ny, under a grant from the State, is engngeJ 
in digging PHOSPHATE ROCK from the beds of the Rivers 
and navigable waters of the State, and is prepared to FUR- 
NISH THE SAME IN LARGE QUANTITIES, either 
GROUND or in the CRUDE form, 

Guaranteeing 55 per cent. Phosphate of Lime. 

OflEice Fo. 5 Hayne Street,Charleston,S.C. 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. 9 

The piu'chapc w;!-^ mfidc for seventeen thousand five hundred 
pounds sterling, to he paid before the end of September, 
172i>, free of all deductions ; after wliich payment, the province 
was to be vested in tlie crown of Great Britain. At the same 
time seven-eighth parts of the arrears of quit-rents, due from 
the colonists to ihe proprietors, amounting to somewhat more 
than nine thousand pounds sterling, were also purchased for 
the crown for five thousand; so that seven-eighth parts of this 
vast territory cost no more than twenty-two thousand five hun- 
dred pounds. But, in this act of parliament there is a clause, 
reserving to John Lord Carteret the remaining eighth share of 
the property and arrears of quit-rents, which continued long 
legally vested in that family, only all iiis share in the govern- 
ment he surrendered to the crown. The proprietors who sold 
their shares at this time, were Henry, Duke of Beaufort, Wil- 
liam, Lord Craven, James Bertie, Dodington Creville, Henry 
Bertie, ALxry Danson, Elizabeth More, Sir John Colleton, John 
Cotton and Joseph Blake, who before the surrender were pos- 
sessed, either in their own right or in trust, of seven-eighth 
parts of the government and properly of the province. This 
surrender was made to Edward Bertie, Samuel Horsey, Henry 
Smith and Alexis Clayton in trust for the crown. In conse- 
quence of this act, the King claimed the right to appoint Gov- 
ernors to both North and South Carolina, and a council similar 
to the other regal governments in America. 

Trade tlourished and immigi'ation received a wonder- 
ful impulse, partly from the report sent to Europe of the 
fruitfulness of this land and partly as it was ready means 
of escape from religious and political persecution, and 
the effects of the almost constant wars between the nations 
of the Old World. AVe find in Purry's "Proposals, ^c," 
Carroll's Historical Cidlcctions of South Carolina, pp. 



10 



HART & CO. 

HARDWARE MERCHANTS, 

AND AGENTS 

FOR 

AVEI\Y AND SONS' PLOWS. 



•:o: 



FAIRBANKS SCALES. 




SWEDES IRON, 
ENGLISH IRON, 
HOOP IRON, 
PLOUGH STEEL, 
TURPENTINE HACKS, 
TURPENTINE TOCMiS, 
MILL STONES, 



HOES, 

TRACED, 

NAILS, 
ROPE, 

PLOUGH LINES, 

GUNS, 

PISTOLS, 

39 Hayne Street, and Corner of King and Market, 



POTWaRE, 
TINWARE. 
WOODWARE, 
BEST FISH LINES, 
SEINE TWINE. 
FISH HOOKS, 
BOLTING CLOTH. 



fllAI^LESTON GUIDE. 11 

129, that in the tiscnl year ending March 1731 there sailed 
from Chariest )wn two Imndred and seven ships, most of them 
for England, which carried among other goods 41957 Barrels 
of nice, about 500 Pound Weight per Barrel, 10G54 Barrels of 
ritch, 20G3 of Tar aud 1156 of Turpentine ; of Deer Skins 
300 casks containing 800 or 900 each, besidefe a vast quantity 
of Indian Corn, Pease &c." Then there were between five 
and six liundrcd houses in the city the most of which were 
''very costly," besides four handsome churches, viz., one 
church of England, one Presbyterian, one Baptist and one 
French, On the plantations round about, the visitors from the 
northern colonies and even those from England were surprised 
to find stately buildings and noble castles on the wide estates 
and every-where evidences of thrift in developing the grer.i 
resources of the country arid marks of the' accumulation of 
great wealth. John Archdale, governor, records his admiration 
of the city and country and in one sentence gives us an idea of 
how strangers were impressed. He writes ; '* out of Charles 
Town for three or four Miles, called the Broadway, (now 
Meeting street, Ed,) is so delightful a Road and Walk of a great 
V)i'eadth, so pleasantly Green, that I believe no Prince in 
Europe, ])y all their art can make so pleasant a sight for the 
whole year,'' 

During the summer of 1728, the weather in Carolina was 
observed to be uncomiiiouly hot, by which the face of the earth 
was entirely parched, the pools of standing water dried up, 
and the beasts of the field were reduced to the greatest dis- 
tress. After such a long and general drought, the inhabitants 
having usually observed hurricanes and tornadoes to follow in 
autamn, they began accordingly to look out with superstitious 
«lread for them, as tkat season of the year approached. Ac- 
cordingly a dreadful hurricane happened in the end of August, 
?ind occasioned an inundation, which overflowed the town and 



12 

E. W.. Marshall, W. H. Snowden, Jcs. T. Wells 





•5 



IMPORTERS AND JOBBERS 



OF 



FOREIGN AND DOMESTIC 



DRY GOODS, 



AND 



3NrOTIOn>TS. 



tm MMWMl'a^ mWMWMM'*^ 



SAELESTOH^ S. e. 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. 1*^ 

I he low lands, and did incredible damage to the fortifications, 
houses, wharves, shipping and corn fields. The streets of 
Charlestown were covere.l with boats, boards, staves, and the 
inhabitants were t)bliged to take refuge in the higher stories of 
tlieir dwelling-houses. Twenty-three ships were driven 
ashore, most of which were either greatly damaged, or dashe.l 
to pieces. The Fox and (hivland men of war, stationed there 
for the protection of trade, were the only ships that rode out 
the storm. This hurricane, though it levelled many thousand 
trees in the maritime parts, yet so thick was the forest, that it 
was scarcely perceived a hundred miles from the shore. But 
as such violent storms are occasioned by the rarefacti(»u 
of the air, with excessive heat, they are seldom ..f long 
duration, for having restored the equipoise in the atmosphere, 
the wind commonly shifts, and the tempest ceases. 

The same year the infectious and pestilential distemper, 
known as the Yellow Fever, broke out in town, and swept 
olF multitudes of the inhabitants, both white and black. As 
the town depended entirely on the country for fresh provi- 
<5ions, the planters would suiter no person to carry supplies to 
it, for fear of catching the infection, and bringing it to the 
country. The physicians knew not how to treat the uncommon 
disorder, which was so suddenly caught, and proved so quickly 
fatal. The calamity was so general, that few could grant 
assistance to their distressed neighbors, however much needed 
and earnestly desired. So many funerals happening every 
day, while so many lay sick, white persons sufficient for bury- 
ing the dead were scarcely to be found ; and though they were 
«fren interred on the same day they died, so quick was the 
putrefaction, so effcusive, and infectipus were the corpses, that 
^ven the nearest relations seemed averse from the necessary 

duty. 

A. D. 1730-40. From 1731 to 1739 the growth of th<^ ^'ity 



14 



mm G. MILIOR & zo.. 



AND 



COMMISSION MEK€iIANT8, 



AND 



JOBBERS m DRY GOODS, CLOTHIHa, 

&c., • 

NO. 135 MEETING STREET, 

CllAllLESTON , H. a 



:0' — - 



Wo koop alwajs on liatul a General As.scrfnirn^ of ForciVn 
and Domestic Dry Gocd.s, Clothing', &e.. w l.i.h «e will s.lJ 
at New York pric., and are enabled to offer special in.lure 
mcnts to bnjcrs, liaTing our partner, Mr. J. J, Martin, resi.l- 
ing in New York, attend.ir.g all the large sales, and lluongl, 
liim receiving Ne>y Goojs hy every Steamer. 

KEdLiLAH AucTiorv 8alk Days, 
rri7.S7).ll^S' y{^7^ TJirnSDAYS. 



riTART,E,'-TON (ilJlDE. 15 

was ra))i(l for tlv;ise times, nmdi more so tli;\ii any otlier town 
in the ci)lonies south of riiilailelpliia, ami the settlement of the 
rich countr}^ triluitary to it made Charleston a greater town 

'] in wealth, nnml)crs, intelligence and the dictation of public 

>» opinion than even those of the northern colonies. 

A. D. 1740. The year 1740 stnnds tli.stinguished in tie 

^ annals of Can-oliua, not only for its unsucce^ssful expedition 
against the Spaniar Is. but also for a (lesolating fire, Avhich in 
November broke out in the cipital, and laid the half of it i:i 
ruins. This fire began about tw^o o'clock in the afternoon, and 
burnt with umiucucliable violence until eight at night. The 
houses being built of wood, and the wind blowing hard at 
north-west, the flames sprea'l witli astonishing rapidity. From 
Uroa 1-strcct, wlierc the fire kindled, to Granville's Bastion, 
almost every house was at one time in flames, and exhi])ite!l an 
awfid and striking scene. The vast quantities of deerskins, 

' rum, pitch, tar, turpentine and powder, in different stores, 
served to increase the horror, and the more speedily to spread 
the desolation. Amidst the cries and shrieks of the women 
and cliil Iron, and tlie bursting forth of flames in different 
<|iiirters, occi-iione I by the violent Avind, which carried the 

., burning shingles to a great distance, the men were put into 

^ cjufu-iion, and so anxious were they about the safety of their 
fanrilie^, that they could not be prevailed upon to unite their 
efforts for extinguishing the fire. The sailors from the men of 
war, and sjiips in the harbour were the most active and 

^ adventurous Imnds engaged in the service. But such was the 
violence of the flames, that it baflled all the art and power of 
man, and burnt until the calmness of the evening closed the 
dreadful scene. Three hundred of the most convenient buibl- 
ings in the town were consumed, which, together witli loss of 
goods, and provincial commodities, amounted to a pi'odigious 
sum. Happily few lives were lost, but the lamentations of 



16 

J. F. Taylor, E. M. Troth, Wni. II Priolcau, 

PIia^NIX IRON WORKS, 

ESTABLISHED IN 1844, 

JOHN F. TAYLOR & CO, 

ENGINEEES, BOILER MAKERS, &c,, 
EAST BAY & PRITOHARD ST., 

(Near the Dry Dock.) 

MARINE, STATIONARY AND PORTABLE 
STEAM ENGINES AND BOILERS, 

HOISTING ENGINES, 

RICE THRESHERS AND MILLS OF 

EVERY DESCRIPTION. 
SHAE TINGS, PULLEYS AND GEARINGS, 
IR ON ER ONTS EOR B VILDINGS. CA ST- 
INGS OF E VER Y KIND JN IR ON OR 

BRASS. 

FORGINGS OF ALL DESCRIPTIONS. 

Taylor's Patent Steam Hydraulic Cotlon Prt\s,s. Taylor's 
Patout Feed Water Heater for Locomotive I'oilcrs. Plios- 
pLiate Washers. Phosphate and Ore Crushers. 

Wo guarantee to furnish Engines and Boilers of as good 
quality and power, and at as low rates as can be had in New 
York, Baltimore or Philadelphia. 



Aa'^:N^lS FOR 

JUl)SON\S CELEBRATED OOVEKx\(>R AND STOP 

VALVES, WHICH ARE PUT » N ALL ENGINES ^MADE 

AT THESE WORKS. 

4®- EEPAIRS PROMPT fA ATTEJ^DZD TO =^5ik 



17 
rilARl.ESTON (iUlDL. ^* 

ruined families were licard in every quarter, lu «hort, iroiu 
atiourishiug conditiun tkc town was reduced in the space of 
six hours to the lowest and n.ost deplorable state. All thus 
xnhabitants whose houses escaped the iiames, went around and 
kindly invited their unfortunate neighbours to them, so that 
1 wo and three families were lodged in places built only for he 
accomodation of one. After a legislature n.et, to take the 
miserable state of the people under consideration, they agreed 
to make application to the IJritish parlian.ent for relie . Ihc 
British parliament voted twenty thousand pounds sterling, to 
be distributed an.ong the sufferers of Charlestown, which was 
CMually seasonable and ,iseful on the one side, as it w.is generous 
and noble on the other. No time should obliterate the impres- 
sions of such benevolent actions. This gifl certainly deserve^ 
to be written on the table of every heart, m the most indelible 
characters For all men must acknowledge, that it merited 
:!;: ::!::^Bt returns of gratitude, not only iVom the unibrt^ate 
objects of such bounty, but from the whole province. This 
year (1740) saw shipbuilding, first began as a separate and 
great enteiTrise, five shipyards being established in the colony 
one at Charleston, three in the imn.ediate vicinity and one at 
Beaufort from which between this year and 1770 twenty-four 
square-rigged vessels besides a great fleet of schooners and 
sloops were launched. 

\ I) 175'^ Tn the nu>nth of September, 1 <o2, a dreadfui 
hu^rica^ie happened at Ohavlestowu. ]n the night bef^^re, it was 
observed by the inhabitants that the wind at north-east began 
to'blow hard, and increasing in violence till next morning. 
Then the sky appeared wihl and cloudy, and it began to drizzle 

and rain. M t nine .'cluck the tlood can,e rolhng in mth 

great impetuosity, and in a little time rose ten fee above high, 
water mark at the highest tides. As usual in such cas^, t le 
town was ovevllowed, and the streets were covered with boats, 



18 



•IMMENSE SUCCESS 

OF THE 

SiirSfifiEiMaclis. 

181,260 MACPIINES SOLD IN 

1871; 52,734 MORE THAN 

ANY OTHER COMPANY 

IN ONE YEAR. 

The Singer "New Family" is miking terrible havoc 
among Sewing Machines, slaughtering on every side. The 
people have found out that the Singer does pINE as well as 
heavy work, anl that a child 11 years of ago can operate it 
with ease. Their "New Family" Challenges the world. 

This justly Celebrated Machine is becoming more and 
more popular. Dont't fail to visit thf^ office while in Cbju-lcs- 
ton. Their elegant Salesroom is at 18G King St, Charleston, 
S. C. Residence Waverly House. 

J. CLAllK BEDELL, Ai?eiit. 

II. D. IIAWLEY, General Vgent for South Carolina, 
Georgia and Florili, <>.Ti?e \'M Brou^hton street, Savannah. 
Georgia. 



CIIAULESTON (UJIDE. 10 

boards, ;m<l wve(3ks of liouses and ships. Before eleven all the 
ships in the harbour were driven ashore, and sloops aii'l 
schooners were dashing against the liouses of Bay-street, in 
which great (piantiiies of goods were damaged and destroyed. 
Except the Hornet man of war, which by cutting awa,y her 
masts, rode out the storm, no vessel escaped being damaged or 
wrecked. The tremor and consternation which seized the 
inhabitants may be more easily conceived than expressed. 
Finding themselves in the midst of a tempestuous sea, and 
expecting the tide to flow till one o'clock, its usual hour, at 
eleven they retired to the upper stories of their houses, and 
there remained despairing of life. Soon after eleven the 
Avind shifted, in consequence of whicli the waters fell live feet 
in the space of ten minutes. By this change the Gulf Stream, 
stemmed by the violent blast, hal freedom to run in its usual 
course, and the town was savcl from imminent dan-Tcr and 
destruction. Had the water continued to rise, and the tide to 
flow until its usvuil hour, every inhabitant of Charlestowu must 
have perished. Almost all the tiled and slated houses were 
uncovered, several persons were hurt, and some wore drowned. 
The fortifications and wharves were almost entirely demolished : 
the provisions in the field, in the maritime ports, were 
destroyed, and numbers of cattle and hogs perished in tlio 
Avaters. The pest-house on Sullivan's island, built of wood, 
with fifteen persons in it, was carried several miles up Cooper 
river, and nine out of fifteen were drowned. In sliort, says 
Carroll in his comment on this event, such is the low situation 
of Charlestowu, that it is subject to be destroyed at any time 1)y 
such an inundation, and the frequent warnings the people 
have had may jtistly fill them with a deep sense of their 
dependent condition, and with constant gratitude to Provi- 
dence for their preservation. 

A. D. 1701. The terrors of an Indian war, that s;ave 



20 

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91 
CIIART.ESTON (lUlDE. -^^ 

promise of being tl.e most severe through which the cohniy 
had yet passed, roused the most streuous efforts to meet the 
emercrency on the threshokl, and to anticipate the torays ot 
the red men, by carrying their arms into t lie enemy's country. 
But this was no easy matter. It involved the sacrifice of vast 
sums of money; the loss of time consequent upon tlie embodi- 
ment of troops to be brought from remote distances; the 
passage through great wilderness, which, as yet, ottered no 
openings for transportation of provisions, for artillery, and m 
every fastness of which might lurk an overpowering ambush. 
And in the meantime, what massacres were to dye the 
frontier settlements in blood, and lay waste their habitations. 
But facing these dangers and discouragements boldly, the 
citizens of Charlestown proceeded to work with the vigor which 
^vhich became a martial people. A regiment was raised, the 
command of which was given to Colonel Middleton. lie was 
admirably seconded by lieutenants, who were determined, in 
this campaign, to lay the foundations of great reputations, 
which were to rise during another war, at a much later period, 
to which this contest of the red men was, comparatively, a 
play at soldiers, rather than a sanguinary conflict. Among 
the lield ofiiccrs, in this provincial regiment, we iiud the 
names of Harry Laurens, William Moultrie, Francis Marion, 
Isaac Huger, and Andrew Tickens; names which have been 
greatly drstinguished in the annals of the state, and of the 
confederacy. It was during this expedition that they com- 
menced that admirable course of training which preparcl 
them for the more arduous trials, and the prolonged conflicts of 
the Revolution, the thunders of which were already muttering 
in tlie sky, though audible, perhaps, only to the keener senses 
of the sagacious few. 

But. the war with the (Jherokees was not allowed to fall 
wholly upon provincial shoulders. The British government, 



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CHARLESTON GUIDE 23 

since it had taken the place of the proprietary, had never 
Mithheld iioni the c()h)ny that nursing care and protection 
^vllicll its infancy demanded. Whatever the olfcnces of Great 
I'.ritain, under eitlier of the Georges, in respect to their 
usurpation or alnise of power, it is to their credit that tliey 
rarely showed remissness or inditterence, when the safety of 
the province was threatened by the enemy, or when it needed 
suecor for its absolute niaintainance. On this occasion, the 
native regiment was supported by a large body of regular 
troops, under Colonel James Grant, who reached Charlestown 
early in 1761, and proceeded to the rendezvous with the pro- 
vincials. Witli a small auxiliary force of red warriors, from 
the friendly trilies, the little army numbered in all some 
twenty-six hundred men, all of whom were under the authority 

of Colonel Grant. 

The campaign was short and decisive ; tlie first meeting with 
the savages proving for them a disastrous defeat which laid 
open to the white? the road to the towns and villages of the 
Cherokee-; ; and most of them were destroyed. 

This campaign of Grant and Middleton, so credftalile to the 
valor of all concerned in it, was followed by an unhappy dilfer- 
ence between the commanlers of the regular and provincial 
forces. Colonel Grant seems to have been a person of haughty 
aid arrogant twnper. He was distinguished by all that inso- 
lent spirit of superiority, which was so apt to distinguish the 
conduct of officers of the niother-counti*y in their treatment of 
the provincials ; a signal instance of which exhibited itself, 
not long before, in a neighboring colony, in the deportment of 
the depraved and arrogant Braddock toward the modest pro- 
vincial, Washington. 

In its indulgence, Grant, after he reached Charlestown, gave 
oflence to Colonel Middleton, his associate in the command of 
the forces. Middleton was the first person in the colony. 



24 

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CHARLESTON GUIDE. 25 

His taiiiily had always been distinguished by i*s conduct, and 
by its infiuence. lie was a gentleman as tenacious of the 
honor of the province as of his own position. Grant, it seems, 
had, <luring the Cherokee expedition, displayed a most oflFen- 
sive inditierence to all the suggestions of the provincial officers ; 
enacting, in brief, the character of Braddock, as far as this 
ignored the proper consideration of the provincials. They 
were not held to be authority in military operations, even 
though these were conducted in their own country, and in a 
war so anomalous as that with the red men. 

To this oifence he added by claiming the chief credit for 
himself and regulars, of having subdued the Cherokees, There 
may have been some direct, as there was certainly much tacit 
disparagement of the provincials, in this assumption. 

The claim was resisted and resented by IMiddleton, with 
promptitude and spirit, A controversy ensued, the result of 
which was, according to one of the authorities, that Middleton 
caned Grant, on Vendue Range, in Charlestown, A duel fol- 
lowed, and shots were ineffectually exchanged. Here, theaffair 
was arrested and Grant left the country. But the aifair occa- 
sioned an intense excitement, and bitter feelings of animosity 
in the community. The native Carolinians generally sided 
with their champion ; but, the Scotch merchants, in the city, 
who constituted the largest portion of the trading population, 
as naturally took sides with Grant, The bitter animosities 
which followed, it is not improbable, contributed considerably 
to awaken, in the provincials, a more keen conviction of the 
arrogant and usurping spirit of the mother-country, which 
then, or soon after, began to display itself in various ways, a 
spirit no less impudent than usurpative, and which, finally, 
by its exactions and its insolence, led tlie colonies into a defi- 
ance of British power and authority, wliicli, though inevitable 



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Agents at New York. | Agents at Charleston. 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. 27 

ill the end, might otlierwi.se luxve been dehiyed for, possibly, a 
hundred years. 

A. D. 1705. In this year tlie number of Avhite inhabitants 
in Charlestown was between five and six thousand, of negroes 
between seven and eight thousand. The harbor of Charlestown 
Avas feebly fortified. On the Cooper river line there were sev- 
eral batteries. Fort .Johnson, on James' island, was a slight 
fabric, with barracks for fifty men. The guns were mounted, 
in tolerable numbers, on all these forts ; but, there had been 
but little science shown in the erection, and neither fort nor 
town could have long stood the conflict with a couple of ships 
of war, using very heavy metal. Outside of Charlestown, the 
towns were mere hamlets of the smallest size. Beaufort, 
Purysburg, .Jacksonburg, Dorchester, Camden and Georgetown, 
were inconsiderable villages, not one exceeding forty dwellings, 
and most of them within twenty or thirty. But Charlestown, 
in that day, took rank, second to none, with the largest and 
most prosperous cities of North America. The people within, 
and in its precincts, were opulent, gay, showy, and hospitable ; 
their sons had been sent to England, for education. They 
brought back taste and refinement, as well as habits of ex- 
penditure. Fashions in dress and ornament were rapidly 
transferred from Europe. Luxury had found its way into the 
wilderness. Nearly every Charlestown fiimily kept single 
horse chaises, and most of the principal planters, their 
carriages, drawn by teams of four, and the horses were 
imported from Europe, and of good blooded stocks. They 
drank fine wines of Madeira, and used freely, also, the 
French, Spanish and Portuguese Avines. These were commonly 
displayed at dinner parties. Tea, coffee, chocolate, were 
among the breakfast and evening beverages, and the drink, in 
ordinary, through the day, was punch. But, though thus 
living, the gpntlemen, in general, were temperate. " In short," 



28 



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CHARLESTON GUIDE. 2'd 

says tlic old Scotch Presbyterian, Hewatt, '^ the people were 
tiot only blesscil with plenty, but with a disposition to share it 
among friends and neighbors ; and, many will bear nie wit- 
ness, when. I say, that travellers could scarcely go into any 
city where they could meet with a society of people more 
agreeable, intelligent, and hospitable, than that at Charles- 
town. In point of industry, the town is like a be«-hive, and 
there are none that reap not advantage, more or less, from the 
flourishing trade and commerce. Pride and ambition had not 
as yet, crept into this community ; but the province is fast 
advancing to that state of poM'er and opulence, when some 
distinctions among men necessarily take place." 

From 1 732 Charlestown had possessed a newspaper ; they had 
also, a good bookstore, and had formed a society and library, 
which was furnished with all new British publications of value. 
The sports of the city, were balls and assemblies, which 
" were attended by companies almost equally brilliant as those 
of any town in Europe, of the same size," In the country, the 
sports of the field were enjoyed on a bolder and more adventu- 
rous scale than in Great Britain. The planters had the best 
dogs and horses ; were greater riders, and good riflemen ; and 
there were foxes to be hunted, and deer and bear formed the 
ordinary obj ects of pursuit. 

Such were Charlestown and Carolina at the close of the 
Cherokee war, and when, all enemies withdrawn from their 
borders, they were suffered to pursue their occupations in 
peace. Yet smoothly as flowed the tide there was an under- 
current setting toward resolution. Even in the moment of as- 
sured prosperity the seeds were in rapid progress of cultivation 
Avliich were to prodiice intestine war, separation from the 
mother-country and all the pride and perils of independence. 

For long had discontent been rising and the temper of the 
colonists only waited some extreme measure of taxation or 



30 



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CHARLESTON GUIDE. 



31 



oppression by the Home Government to commit some overt act of 
rebellion. It was found in the Stamp Act passed by the British 
Parliament and inetFectually protested against by the Colonists. 
A ship was despatched from England for Charlestown with the 
obnoxious stamps. On the arrival of the stamped paper in 
this harbor, the lieutenant-governor, Bull, perceiving the tem- 
per of the people, did not venture to bring the stamps into the 
city. He found himself too feeble to coerce obedience. The 
stamps were, accordingly, stored at Fort .Johnson, on James' 
island. This ascertained, a body of volunteers, one hundred 
aad tifty in number, were organized and armed, proceeded, at 
midnight to the fort, surprised it, secured the garrison, and 
seized the stamp-paper. Then, arming the batteries, and mak- 
ing all preparations for the defence of the fort against the 
British sloop-of-war which had brought the stamps, and which 
iay directly under their guns, they hung out a flag at daylight, 
showing a blue field witk three crescents. The sight of this 
flag brought about a parley with th<e commanding officer of the 
sloep. He wis invited inte the fort, and shown the prepara- 
tions for its defence— was told that they were prepared to 
resist any assault ; but, that they would re-deliver to him the 
stamped paper, on his solemn pledge to depart with it to Eu- 
rope, and sail immediately. The officer, upon reflection, con^- 
plied with the requisition, and, receiving the paper, weighed 
anchor, and went to sea that very day, 

Huis was the Revolution begun in South Carolina (October, 
1765), The crisis was alaraamg ; it etfect^.d a favorable change 
im the isamistry, and the stamp act was repealed (1776), 

It is In proof of the fact that the South Carolinians had 
sought only a redress of grievances, and the assertion of their 
rights as British subjects, and not the separation of the prov- 
ince from the mother-coTintry, that tliey received the tidings 
of this i-epeal with great rej oicings. In the-ir gladness of h eart , 



32 



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ARTIST AND PlIOTOGRArUEK. 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. ^^ 

they proceeded to erect a marV.le statue in Charlestown, of 
William I'itt, in recognition of his great and patriotic endeav- 
ors to bring al>out this repeal, and in urging the rights and 
claims of the Americans. This statue is preserved to the pres- 
ent hour and stands in the ground of the Orphan Asylum, 

Charleston. , ^ r., ^ <^„„, 

A D 1774. On July C, 1774, there gathered nt Chnvlostox, 
an informal body of one hundred and four deputies f^-om all 
parts of the i-rovince the object of which was the devismg of 
;,n,e means to relieve themselves of injustices ^-^ for the 
redrcs of their grievances. Almost the first act of th,s body 
was to elect Henry Middleton, John Eutledge, Thomas Lyncl>, 
Christopher CJadsden, and Edward PaUledge, deputies to a 
general colonial congress at Philadelphia. They then made 
provision that in fifteen merchants and fifteen mechanics cf 
Chavlestown, and sixty nine planters representing the rest of 
,he province shonl.l be vested tlie government of tl>e colony 
,iU the next meeting of the representatives thus making the 
usurpation of civil authority by the people complete. \ es- 
se!, loaded witii tea only saved their cargoes by placuig 
themselves under protection of the war-ships tn the har- 
bor or putting out to sea. The discontent of tl e peo- 
ple was fomented by the act of Parliament qnartenng the sol- 
diers on private families. The citizens applied for arms 
o.tensil,ly to protect the more remote settlements agamst 
Indians, l.ut it was understood to be merely a pretext whereby 
,„ supply themselves with nuuutions of war. The feelmg 
waxed warmer daily. On Sunday August 14.h, the lev. John 
BuUman, as.sistant Minister of St. Michael's, preached a ser- 
mon which was supposed to reflect on the popular proceedings. 
His audience could scarcely hear him out and he was subse- 
quently dismissed from the clmrch. When in the vestry the 
vote for his di,smi,ssion was put, thove was a c-y. "now .l.nll 



34 



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CHARLESTON GUIDE. 35 

we see who are the enemies of the country/' The voie against 
him wds WelcomCil mih a sliout tliat shook pulpit and altal- a? 
a proof of the strength of the Atnei'ican cause. 

A, D, 1775. The delegates of the colony to the number of 
one hundred and eighty-foul- met in Chal-lestoti in .January 
1775 at the Exchange, aftei'ward adjourning to the Stite 
Hoase. They passed resolutions suited to the times and super- 
ceded the royal govefrnment in most of its details. VolunteeiS- 
■were raised and the very hoys of the city, emtilating their 
seniors, were soon hu?iy in the use of mimic Weapons, and in 
the practice of the manuel. The deputies assumed all func- 
tions of authority an 1 placed South Carolina in an attitude of 

" hostility to England. In April the General Committee, as they 
styled themselv&s met again at CharlestoAvn and taking int-o 
consideration the aggressive measures proposed by the Hon. 6 
Government determined to seize the public military stores. 
Charles Pinckney, William Henry Drayton, Arthur Middlet on < 
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney, William Gibbs, and Edward 
Weyman were chosen a committee for this purpose, and on the 
night of the 21st of April they proceeded to their work, seizing 
Jill the arms and ammunition in the arsenals and storehouses of 

• Charlestown. Only two clays before this the battle of Lexing- 
ton had been fought in Ma^sachnsetts the news of which added 
fuel to the flames of discontent already fiercely burning in 
Charlestown. The legislature of the province met on the first 
of June and passed laws prohibiting the exportation of rice,- 
and resolved to raise two regiments, one of infontry and one of 
cavalry forthwith- The secret committee of the (folonists about 
this time found it necessary to put their powers into active 
operation in Charlestown, in silencing foreign incendiaries. 
Soine of them were tarred and feathered, carted through th0 
??treets and shipped for England. At this time all the defenses of 



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CHARLESTON GUIDE. 



r>7 



the harbor except Fort Johnson were in the han<ls of the colon- 
ists and the revolutionary committee determined on its posses- 
sion ; accordingly on the night of the 15th of September 1/ To, 
they, nnder command of Moultrie, seized the fort which m view 
of the preparations being made had been abandoned by the 
royalists. It was promptly manned and equipped from the 
city and its guns brought to bear on the British frigates Tamar 
and Cherokee which lay abreast it. Lord Campbell, late gover- 
nor of the colony, had taken refuge on board one of the ships 
and seeing Moultrie's flag, a silver crescent on a blue iield, fly- 
ing from the fort sent a messenger to know by what authority 
the fort was held. He was answered "by authority of the 
council of safety." At this the ships made demonstrations of 
of attack but finding they were not likely to achieve anything 
but hard blows they wisely withdrew. 

Meanwhile, the council of safety was endeavoring to 
increase the securities of Charlestown. It was resolved to 
sink hulks to obstruct the passage of Marsh channel and Hog- 
island creek. Schooners were purchased for the purpose. 
But, before this could be done, it was necessary to provide a 
naval force sufficient for the encounter with the British sloops- 
of-war, and to prevent them from interfering with the work 
of closing the channels. A schooner, called the Defence, 
Captain Tuifts, armed with ten- guns, and a complement of 
seventy men, was prepared for this purpose. Drayton, presi- 
dent of the council, went on board as chief in command. The 
Tamar and Cherokee— the one of sixteen guns, the other six- 
endeavored to arrest the performance of the work; but the 
hulks were sunk. The British ships and the "Defence' 
exchanged frequent shots with some eff-ect. After a while, the 
British drew oif. Fort .Johnson took part in the aifair, and 
the troops of Charlestown assembled at their several posts in 
expectation of worse trials, Tlie war was thus begun (llth 



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CHARLESTON GUJPE. 39 

November, ITTo), and tlic attair was (jiiite spiiifed. The next 
day was Sunday, but did not prevent the patriots from doing 
business. They met in council, and resolved to take the 
merchant ship Prosper into the service of the colony, and man 
her, also, against the British sloops. Other resolves were 
made for the erection of batteries. A regiment of artillery 
•was voted, to consist of three hundred men. Dictatorial 
powers were conferred on a council consisting of the President 
(Drayton), Colonel Pinckney, and Thomas Heyward, .Jr. From 
this time the legislature at (Jharlestown proceeded as if they 
had never known a king. Charlestown was a garrison. The 
palmetto fort, on Sullivan's island, was begun by Moultrie, 
which continues to bear his name: even before completion it 
was destimed to be identified for ever Avith his military repu- 
tation. Arms and munitions of war were gleaned and 
gathered from every possible source. Lead was taken from 
the housetops and churches, to be run into bullets. Vessels 
were impressed and manned as men of war. For sailors, a 
bounty was offered. Negroes were haled from the plantations 
to help throw up defences; and, without rashness or exulta- 
tion, but sufficient enthusiasm and firmness, the citizens of the 
new state looked to the hour of bloody trial as one which they 
could not escape, which they should not Avish to escape, and which 
must, of necessity, be at hand. The seeds of revolution had 
been sown two years before; the fruits were noAV to be 
gathered, and with crimson hands, as from the wine-press. 

A. D. 1776. The first attack made upon Charlestown Avas 
by the British fleet under Sir Peter Parker, and the land 
forces under Major General Clinton. 

On the 28th day of June — a day Avhich should be famous to 
all succeeding time in the animals of Carolina — this fleet, under 
the command of Sir Peter Parker, consisting of tAvo fifty-gun 
ships, four frigates, and a number of smaller vessels, advanced 



'e^ 



40 

L L f IK & m. 

WHOLESALE AKD RETAIL 
303 KING STREET. 

Manufactory S. Wholesale Warehouse, 

Comer Congress and ViTliitaker Street, 
SA.V A^lN^lSr^H, GJl. 

A FULL LINE 

OF YOUTH'S AND BOYS' CLOTHING CONSTANT- 
LY ON HAND. 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. 41 

to the attack. Tlie first object wliich drew tlieir attention was 
the little foi't jMoultrie, under command of General Moultrie, 
a iijcrc speck upon Sullivan's island, which, it was not 
supposed, could nuiiutain any protracted conflict. It was 
built of palmetto logs. The palmetto is a tree peculiar to the 
Southern States, the wood of which, being remarkably soft 
and spongy, is singularly suited to the purposes of defence 
against cannon. A bullet, entering it makes no splinters nor 
extended fractures, but buries itself in the wood, without doing 
hurt to the parties adjacent. Within the fort was a morass, 
which favored the defenders, as it extinguished the matches 
of such shells as fell in the enclosure. Some of the shells 
thrown on this occasion were found fifty years after, unex- 
ploded, with the fuse unconsumed, and the missiles with which 
they were charged, still in their original integrity — harmless 
memorials of the direst purposes of harm. 

While the British fleet was preparing to attack the fort, 
I Colonel Thompson, at the head of the third Carolina regiment, 
kept the land-forces of the enemy, under Clinton, in check at 
flie eastern extremity of the island. His excellency tried to 
get across, but Thompson's rifles and two pieces of artillery 
effectually defeated his efforts. The main attack was upon 
Fort Sullivan. Between ten and eleven o'clock, the Thunder 
bomb-vessel began to throw its shells upon the fort. Four of 
the ships — the Actason of twenty-eight guns, the Bristol and 
j'^xpcriment each of fifty, and the Solebay of twenty-eight — 
come boldly on to the attack. A little before eleven o'clock, 
the garrison fired four or five shots at the Actnson while under 
sail, but without doing hurt. When she came near the fort, 
she anchored, with springs on her cables, and commenced the 
liattle with a broadside. 

The battle lasted till near nine o'clock in the evening, and 
the ammunition of the little fortress was exhausted during 



12 

D. U. JENNINGS, 

GMTERAIi COMMISSION MERCHANT, 
10 BROAD STREET, 

L1P>E15AT. ADVANCES MADE ON TON-IGNM ENTS. 

iiifiOifoss a. HiYBia, 

IMPORTER OF AND DLAl ER IN 

Watches, Jewelry, Military Goods, 

HOUSE FURNISHING & FANCY AR- 

272 KING STE^ET, OOR. Of HASEL STREET, 
CHARLESTON, S^C. 

THE PLANTERS AND MECHAN- 
ICS BANK OF SO, CA. 

OFFICE ITO. 133 EAST BAY, 

A R. Taft. President. W. E. Haskell, Cashier. 



BANKER AND BROKER, 

29 BROAD STREET, 

DTT.Af.kli IN 
Gold, Silvor, Bank Bills and Securities of all kinrls. Personal Bonds 
purchased; and advances made on Securitic, Internal Revenue Stamps 
for sale. 



niARLrSTON viUlDE. 43 

its conHuuance- TJie guns >vcre nlniost hushed, firing only at 
stated intervals. Tliis led to the belief, on tlie part of the 
assailants, that the defence liad ceased, and they sent up three 
vigorous cheers in token of their satisfaction. But a fresh 
-supply of powder from the city soon undeceived them. The 
battle was renewed with ten-fold fury, and, though the imper- 
fect structure which sheltered the Carolinians reeled and 
trembled to its base at every broadside wdiich they fired, they 
kept to their guns, prepared to meet the invaders behind Uic 
crumbling ruins— such was Moultrie's resolve — rather than 
yield iu a conflict upon which were equally staked the pride 
m\d the possession of their country. 

The victory was complete; the British disappeared; Fort 
^'Sullivan changed its name to Fort jMoultrie, which it now 
>>ears. The disappearance of the British men-of-war opened 
the port of Charlestown. and it became the entrepot for 
gunpowder and other munitions of war which wei^cexchano-<xl 
for rice aud indigo. The successfiil defence of ]\Ioultrie gave 
<J}iarlestown a respite of two years from tJie calamities of 
Win-, during which time she enjoyed a lucrative commerce. In 
1777 and 1778 she was the mart, which supplied with goods 
Jnost of tlie states south of New Jersey. An exteirsive inland 
traffic sprang into existence between her and the Northern 
*o\vns, in consequence of the presence of the British fleets 
iiilong the coasts of Virginia and New York. In this traffic 
more than a thousanil wagons were incessantly employed. 

A. 1), 1778, On the fifteenth of January, 1778, a dreadful 
fire broke out which destroyed two hundred aaid fifity-two 
(2o2) dwellings, besides stores and other Imildiugs valued, in 
I those days, at §2"),000- This conflagration was iujpute:! to 
incendiary torie.^. and to some of the crews of British ships on 
ithe coast, wlioni tlic former received at night into the city- 

\ D. 1779. The alliance between the colonial !:)uthori.tiesai! ! 



44 







WJ will sell the above eplendld Fertliizer at Forty-llvo Doliarri <'^sIj, oi 
Fifty Dollars, payable 1st November, with interest at 7 per cent pot 
annum, delivered al our Warehouse in ( harlehton. Agent* ■will Bfll u< 
same prlree. adding the freight and dra age to thfir Depots. 

GKO. W. WILLIAMS & CO., 

CIIAHI.KSION, S. C'^ ^ 

GHE 0~. W . WiLLrAMS & CO.. 
Ti .A. IV ic K rj, s , 

ITo?!. 1 & 3 Hayne Street, OharlestoD, ^. 0. 

f aretal attention to collections and remit in Now York Exo,lisin,o;i 

CO. 



vVill Rivo 



GEO. W 






WILLIAMS 

FAC'iX)US AND 

Office, Oorner Hayne and Ohurcii Streets, Oharleston, S. 

GEo7~ w. Wlliams & CO,, 

WHOLESALE G-ECCSES 

Nos. 1 & 3 Hayne Street, Charleston, 5r-. C. 



riTARLESTON OTTTDE. 45 

the Fi'cncli gave great umbrage, and was the caiipe of conRidora))lc 
concern to England. A flag, sent into the port of Chariest own 
from the commissioners oi' Great Britain, denounced the city, 
ilireatening it with the last and worst extremities of war, if it 
continued to prefer alliance with France to a re-union wit.li tlie 
Mother-country. The answer was pi'ompt defiance, and the- 
flag-vessel was commanded instantly to depart from the waters 
.{■ the State. 

lu ^lay of this year (ieneral Prevost, the British commander 
'.I Florida, efl'ectcd a junction with Lieutenant-Colonel 
Campbell, who had ])eaten the American General Howe in 
(ieorgia, at Savannah, and began a rapid march northwards 
with the intent of surprising and capturing Charlestown. In 
this they were easily defeated by the determination of General 
^loultrie within the defences, and the approach of General 
Tiincoln who had succeeded IIoavc in command of the American 
forces in Georgia arid South Carolina. Prevost crossed the 
Ashle}^ on the 11th of May, and with more prudence than was 
required sat down before the breastworks and demanded a 
surrender; Rutledge, the President of the State, who was in 
Charlestown, knowing of Lincoln's coming requested time for 
deliberation which was granted. The delay was fatal to the 
British hopes, for Prevost learning by an intercepted letter 
of Lincoln's proximity instantly retreated with his forces. 

A. D. 1780-2. The next attempt at the reduction of Charles- 
town was made by Sir Henry Clinton, who on the 11th of 
February, 1780 encamped within thirty miles of the city which 
was then in a bad plight. The people from the country afraid 
;tf the smallpox and yellow fever, and dreading to be locked 
up ill a 1>eseiged town all summer, left the citizens and scanty 
ri;arrisou to shift for themselves. At Wappoo, on James Island, 
the British depot was formed, and on the first of April the 
invaders liad crossed the .Ashley and ]>o.gun entrenchments 



4(; 



ETIWAN FERTILIZERS. 



Three very Superior Articles arc oflerod by tiie Sulphuric 
Acid and Superphosphate Company cf Chirloslon, S. C, 

ETIWAN GUANO. 

A complete manure adapted to Cotton, Grain and Tobicco, 
being the well known article heretofore offered at the very 
high grade of \^ jyer cent, disjsolved Bone Phospliaie of Lime, 
with the addition, as heretofore, of I'eruvia'i Guano, Am- 
monia and Potash. Price $55 per ton, if paid on or before 
the 1st of April next, and $(J0 per ton payable 1st November, 
without interest. 

ETIWAN CROP FOOD. 

Anew article of about the simehigh grade of SoU'ble 
Phosphate, compounded with the elements of Cotton Seed in 
such a manner as to ensure one of the best fertilizers for 
Cotton and Gra'n, at a lower price than the Eiiwan Guatiu. 
I'rice $40 per ton, if paid on or before the 1st of April next, 
$15 per ton, payable 1st November, without interest. 

ETIWAN DISSOLVED RONE. 

Iveraging from 18 to 20 per cent, of Dissolved Bone Phos- 
phate, and thus enabling the planter by composting, to obtain 
two tons of half that grade at a saving of one hilf cost anil 
freight. Price $o5 per ton, if paid on or before the 1st of 
April next, $40 per ton, payable 1st Novemb'.-r, without 
interest. 

TAKE NOTICE, that all these fertiliz-rs are of the ]ii<j',rst 
grade of Soluble I'hosphatc, and must help the so'l fur mure 
than one year. 

WM. a BEE & CO., 

G neral Agents, Charleston S C. 



CHARLESTON HUIDE. 47 

witliin fwolvo Inimlreil j'av.ls of the city defences, and shortly 
thereafter liad erected five batteries on Charlcstown neck. 
The fleet coiipcrating with Sir Henry Clinton crossed the bar 
about the same time and avoiding the error Sir Peter Parker 
had fallen into, they gave Fort Moultrie as wide a berth as 
possible, and avoiding a general combat, though somewhat 
bothered by the fire kept up by the brave Colonel Pinckney 
who commanded the fort, they came to anchor within a long 
shot of the town Tiatteries. The Continentals in their weak 
condition till supplied with food and ammunition made a stout 
defence, but to no purpose, for on the llth of j\Iay they were 
compelled, from sheer ina1>ility to longer continue resistance to 
capitulate. From that time till the close of the war the 
British held possession. 

A, D. 1782. The war was at an end, and the time arrived 
for the British to leave. Having levelled the walls of the town 
and Fort Johnson, the British commander opened a communi- 
cation with General Green, apprising him of the intended 
evacuation, and proposing terms in order that his departure 
might be a peaceable one. An arrangement accordingly 
followed, by which the Americans were to take possession as 
the enemy's rear-guard retired; the former pledging them- 
selves to forbear all hostile attempts upon the movements of 
the British, on condition that they should do no injury to the 

city. 

On Saturday, the Uth of December, 1782, this event took 

place. The morning gun was the siginal for the British rear- 
guard to abandon their advanced redoubts. General Wayne, 
at the head of three hundred infontry, the calvary of the 
iegion, a detachment of artillery with t\vo six-pounders, having 
been detached from the American army, had crossed Ashley 
river the night before, and was stationed in readiness to follow 
the enemy's movements. 



48 

THOMAS & LANNEAU, 

(Late of Whildcii & Co.) 

Watc]:\es, Jewelry, Silver and Plated Ware, 
Fancy Goods, Crockery, China and Glass, 

289 King Street, opposite New Masonic Temple, 
CHARLES TON. S. 0. • 



:o: 



Watchcy and Jewelry, carefully rcp:ure<l. biiUsi.iuUu a 
guuranteed. 

Sf ©LLj Will ^ i§,5 

Wliolesttlc and Retail 

FANCY AND STAPLK DliY GOODS, 



3 



(Opposite the Masouie Temple ) 

:o: 

WIIOLKSALE 1)EPART31ENT UP STAIIIS. 



CIlAin.E.STON uriDK, 41) 

A( iliv> soDutl of the luuniiiig gun the (wo partie:< wore put 
in mot ion, at an asnigned distance asunder of (wo liundred 
yards. They moved down the King street road, till they had 
passed the lines, when the British filed off to Gadsden's wharf. 
whei'e they embarked in boats which awaited them. 

"It was a grand and pleasing sight," says General Moultrie- 
in his memoirs, "to see the enemy's fleet, upwards of three 
liundred sail, lying at anchor from Fort Johnson to Five 
Fatlioni Hole, in a curve line, as the current runs; and wliat 
made it more agreeable, they were ready to depart.' 

The reluctance of the one party to leave, and the impatience 
of the other to succeed them in the possession of the city, led 
the British, now and then during the march, to cry aloud to 
General Wayne, that he was pressing too rapidly upon them. 
On such occasions, tlie halt imposed upon the Americans was a 
short trial of their patience. 

Well might the Carolinians be impatient to behold those 
dear homes from which they had been so long exiled. Wayne 
moved forward, and halted on the south side of Broad street, 
nearly opposite to Church. In the rear of the American 
:idvance, came the Governor of the State, attended by General 
Green, and escorted by two hundred calvary. His council, 
•in<l long troops of officers and citizens, followed on horseback. 
Smiling faces and joyful voices saluted the deliverers as they 
came. The balconies and .windows Avere crowded with the 
aged men, the women, and the children, who for nearly three 
years liad wept with apprehension and sorrow the absence and 
the loss of dear sons, affectionate brothers, and warm friends. 
Their tears now were those only of joy and triumph. "God 
l)less you gentlemen; God bless you, and welcome, welcome 
home." 

Such were the sweet words which hailed the long-banished 
■itizens, and the long-suffering soldiery of Green. In tears, 



50 

PEOPLES' SAYIN(t!8 INSTF- 

nijr! 



-:o:- 



OFPIOE NO. 9 BROAD STREET, IN THE PEOPLES' 
BANK BUILDING. 

^@^ The only Institution tiia'I' divides all the rEoriTS 

AMONG ITS DErOSITOII.S, 

Prosident, James W. Wilson ; Vice Prrsfdont., Win. UiTer- 
hardt ; Secretary and Treasurer, Ilenrj' S. Griggs ; .Solicited', 
15. B. Pressley. 

TRUSTEES : 
Charles H. West, Sidney S. Howell, James B. Befts. Alex. 
Lindstrom, John Ilancktl. C. L. Burcknieyer, Robert Adgev, 
J. H. Devereaux; J. C. II. Claussen, Zinmierman Davis, Alva 
Gage, Pveuben Tomlinson, George Shrewsbury, G. I. Cun- 
ningham, Wm. Aiken Kelly, P. J. Coogan. S;imn»-l L. Ben- 
nett, Orlando II. Levy, D. A. Amme, Win. Y, Leilch. 

:o: 

This institution receives any cnnount on deposit, and allows 
six per cent. Interest on all amounts from One Dolhrr 
upivards. 

In addition to the regular semi-annual dividends, all the 

jJTofits are divided among its depositors Every Five Years, 
dating from April, 1872. 

Interest is paid semi-annually on the Third Wednesday of 
April and October, but is allowed on all amonnis deposited 
quarterly, on or before the third Wednesday of January, 
April, July and October. 

All amounts deposited within the week in which the quar- 
ter days occur will date from the third Wednesday. 

Open every day (Sundays and general holidays excepted,) 
from 9 A. M. to 2 o'clock, P. M. and on Saturday afternoon 
from 5 to 7 r. M. in winter, and from ^) to 8 o'clock P. M, 
in summer. 



CITAFvLE>^TON CUIDE. 



.1 



in silence, and on bende.l knees, the fnll hearts of the rescued 
citizens tbund utterance tliat ]»Iessed dnj. 

A. D. 178;]. This year Benjamin Guerard, of Charlestown, 
was made Ciovernur of the State, and it was during his admin- 
istration that the city was incorporated and called C^uarleston. 
A. D. 1780. The State records were moTcd from this city 
to Columbia, which town gradually becoming important, and 
being centrally located was chosen as the capital of the State. 
A. 1). 1701. Is famous as being the year of the visit of the 
Father of His Country, the great and good General Washington. 
On leaving here for Savannah he was escorted ]>y Governor 
Vanderhorst, Generals Moultrie, Pickens, and most of the 
eminent citizens of the State. In 1705 and 1700 the yellow 
fever raged in Charleston, the victims being mostly foreigners. 
4. D. 1812-30. During the war of 1812-15 except its effect 
on commerce Charleston sutFered but little; that little being 
merely predatory excursions from ships blockading the harbor. 
In the face of the danger, though precautionary means were 
used, fortifications erected and measures of defence taken. 
But the city was unmolested as far as warfare was concerned. 
A. D, 1830. In 1830, James Hamilton, jr., of Charleston, 
a distinguished lawyer, and a man of various abilities, who 
had succeeded to William Lowndes as the representative for 
Charleston, in Congress, was made Governor. He was an ardent 
opponent of the tariff laws; and, like a large proportion of 
the chief men of South Carolina, urged their veto by the 
sovereign interposition of the State. This period was 
distinguished by the great debate in Congress, involving 
organic topics of the Constitution— the rights of the States, 
and the Confederacy, respectively; the one party (State rights) 
claiming the Federal Union to be only a creature of the States, 
with limited powers not subject to consideration; the other, 
substantially asserting the control of the States by the 



52 

T. CAMPBELL, MEETING ST, 

((OPPOSITE PAVILION HOTEL.) 

The ex raordinnry favor wliich this house has roccivcil 
tVotn the people of South Carolina and adjoininj^ States, 
prompts me to renewed etforts to keep constantly on hand 
the Largest and Beat assortment of Cooking and Heating 
Stoves, Pvauges, Grates, Tin Ware, &c., in the Southern 
States. 

Beginning (lie Sfove Business in 1H08, with ())i,}>i nine 
Stoves, 1 am now selling annually over One Yhoanand Stoves, 
Manges and Grates. 

N. B. — I am now (he Sole Agent for the Cclvhratcd " Noble 
Cook Stove," 

C(3UNT11Y ORDKIIS S(3LICITED, 

T. CAMPBELL. 

STEELE'S "HAT HALL? 

«H Sign of the Big Hat. sHb 



(louts' 3iiperfi;ie Faslnonible Dro-s Beavsr.?, S.'>. 
(ic.Dts SliffFelt Hats — rouud, fl;it. iiiL'h and low frnwr.i>d. 
Meii'.^ ^oft Folt Ha^.s— 5Uc. , 7.5c , $1, $ .!50, f'2, 11 m, i'A, .$1, S^. 
ijoyri' So''t Felt \ uls and Cloth Cui s— 50r., 7.5., Si, *!.5i» to .12. 
Men's Hnu*]iig. Ti'avellins, Busmcss, Scotch and Pilot Cloth Cupy. 
Ladies' Fur i ollars, lippeLs Mulis ; also, Mi.sfccs' tnrs. 
Men's and Boys' Straw Hats m .eason. 
IN I Hilary Felt liats. and ijorast; and Fatletue Bine Caps 
tJmbre.bs— 75c., $1, $2, $.2,50, 13, S3.60, 54, 5:5, iG, S?.0, 

ONE TRICE AND TERMS CASH. 

y 

No. 313 Kinff Street, CharlestoD, S. C. 



CHARLESTON (MJIDE. 



5:^ 



(Wgre;ss, Miul reprertcuting tlu" Fcleral Unu.n »u^ a crontniH; ot 
the pooplcatlargo— of the wli<.h> ('.Hire.lenicy. It seems pwper, 
in this phice, to show what was ihe position taken by South 

Caroliiui. 

1. SiiecouteiuU'vl that the homl oC I'liion was a compact ])e- 
I ween the States, and called the Constitution. 2. Tliat fliis 
was a compact hetween sovereign equals, in which they 
pledged themselves to fovl)eai- the exercise of their sovereign 
power over other equally specilied objects, through the agency 
uf a general government. For external purposes, these 
powers were to be exerted jointly; for internal purposes, or 
State matters, to be exerted separately. 

3. That the Federal Constitution was a compact jealously 
devised; cautiously guarderl by limitations and specifications, 
conceding power to the general government only in certain 
respects, which were all declared, and reserving all other 
powers, not enumerated in the instrument, to the exercise of 
the individual States. 

4. That, in forming the Constitution, the States divested 
themselves of none of their sovereignty; that the Constitution 
is a power of attorney, under which the functionaries of the 
general government, as the agents of the States, are to do the 
•luties assigned them by the paramount authority, the states. 

5. That, as the Congress of the United States is but the 
agent of the States, the refusal of the States, or any of them, 
to recognise the laws passed by the Congress is an inherent 
right of the principal. That it is an absurdity to talk of a 
State rebelling against the general government. The superior 
can not rebel against the infcrioi'— the inferior against the 
a gent . 

{'). That each State has the right of a veto on any act of 
Cono-ress which it shall deem unconstitutionnl. The unc^ni- 
stitutional laws arc null and void ab initio. 



5 4 

CITIZENS' SAYINGS BANK OF 
SOUTH CAROLINA. 

NO. 8 BROA D STR E ET, 

:o: 

iNCORPOKATKn BY TIIK StATE LeOISLATFRE IX FkRIUAKY, ISfJO. 



.o: 



Wm. MMiiin, President; A. G. Lirenizer, Cashier; D,„i(.l 
kavcnel, Jr. Assistant. Cashier ; D. II. Rutle.lge, Solicitor. 
This institution is designed for all classes in ih.. communi- 
ty, thus enabling the industrions and frugal, by coinmencin.r 
with saving a few dollars, to make a provision for times of 
need. 

Interest calculated by the month, aiid compounded and 
declared quarterly. 

The deposits of this Institution are invested un-l'r the 
mnuMgement of the following Local Finance (oun.itree • — 
Louis I) DeSaussure, Cleland K. linger, Edwar I N. Thurs- 
ton Dr. A. r>. Rose, F. Melchers, JJenjnmin T Kvans C 
Wulbern. ' ' 

Deposits of $1 and upwards received. Interest, allowed 
at the rate of six per cent, per annum, and compounded every 
three months. 

Collections in all parts of the State promptly attended to. 

Office Hours Daily (Sundays and holidays excepted) from 
J A. M. to 2 P. M. and on Saturdays from G to 8 P M in 
addition. 

Kemembor that all money deposited in this P.ank on or 
before the fifth day of each calendar month, will hear interest 
at six per cent, for that month as if deposited on the 1st 
instant. 



CITAHLKSTON (UIIDF. 



55 



7. That, ill virtue of hcv sovereignty, the Sinteis the judge 
of her own riglits, and is bound to lier people to protect them 
against the usurpations of Congress by nullifying the uncon- 
stitutional law, and relieving her citizens from all obligations 
to obey it. This is by nuUijiction, or the interposition of the 
Stale oelo, uttered in its sovereign capacity. 

In South Carolina there was a large party opposed to the 
extreme measures which were contemplated by the majority. 
This party, claiming equally to be of the State-rights doctrine 
with the party nullification— recognizing the ri(/ht of secession 
from the Confederacy on the part of a State no longer sure of 
its rights within it— were yet incapable of recognizing the 
right of nullification; that is, the forbidding of one or more 
laws of Congress while still remaining an integral port of the 
Union. And in the local contests of parties, both became 
heated to such a degree as to threaten the country with civil 
war. Their respective nund)crs may be rated, that of the 
nullification party at twenty thousand, that of the Union party 
at fifteen thousand. 

The leaders on both sides were remarkably-endowed men. 
On the one side were arrayed such men as Calhoun, llaync, 
]N[-Duflic, Hamilton, Trumlmll, Preston, Cooper, Hammond, 
Harper, Smith (Rhett) Elliott, and many others equally 
enthusiastic and perhaps able; on the other were Poinsett, 
Hugcr. Pettigrcw, Legarc, Grimke, Lee, Drayton, Johnson, 
Elliott, Memminger, Cunningham, Richardson, Perry, etc. 

The nullification party was successful, triumphed cvcry- 
wdiere at the ballot-box, and had the destiny of the State in its 
hands. The rest rapi<lly followed. On the 17th of December, 
1880, South Carolina made a formal declaration of State-rights 
principles, and enacted an ordinance to nullify the oi)cratioii 
of the act of Congress imposing duties, etc. 

General Andrew Jackson, then President of the United 



nr, 



WANDO FERTILIZER, 

ASHLEY RIVER 

GROUND BONE PHOSPHATE, 

FOR SALE B7 

(iKNERAL AGENTS OF TlliO 

WAmO MIHIM AND MAIUPAC- 
TURim COMP/\lT.r, 



en AULESTON U I DE. TjT 

States issued, a procl.'imation denouncing the nr.linancc of 

' nullification, and conimiuuling the obedience of the citizens of 

the State to the federal law. Ilayne, wlko had been succeeded 

, in the U. S. Senate by Calhoun, was then Governor (1832.) 

' TTo issued a counter manifesto, asserting the sovereignty of 

ihe State, and the citizens prepared for resistance to the 

vulhorities at Washington. But bloodshed was averted. A 

.(iinpromise measure on tlie t.ariflf, whereon had arisen tlie 

difficulty, was introduced into Congress which satisfied Mr 

Calhoun and the representatives from South Carolina, and ilic 

relations between the State and the Federal government were 

liarmonizcd, though it was felt that the reunion was only 

I temporary, and it was even then asserted that very soon an 

unrepairable rupture would occur between the State and tlio 

L United States government. 

The intervening years l)et\veen the nullification agitation find 

I secession of 1801 passed quietly an<l smoothly by, broken only 

by tlie ripple caused by the Mexican war. The city grew 

uid increased in wealth and importftncc, till in 1 8t;<) the po}>nk- 

( ion was 40,522. 

A. I). 18G1. The causes which led to tlie late war cannot l»o 
di.-casse<i in a work of this kind, hut we are struck by the 
remarkable uniformity of South Carolina's action, and the part 
played by the citizens of Charleston in all the revolutions in 
which they have been concerned. And it may with truth l)e 
^aid that in all struggles for the preservation of what are con- 
.esled to be the fundamental principles of a republican form 
of government, the St^ite and city have ))een foremost; their 
people have, without exception, been tlie leading spirits. 
lU>tween tlie rebellion of ITTt". and tliat of ISr.l great similarity 

vixists. 

Several of (he actors in this last are yet alive. i»nd must be 
struck with the resem)>lanco of the measures ;i'lo])ted by their 



58 



THE 

LIFE INSURAiNCE SOCIETY, 

OF THE UNITED STATES, 

No. 120 Broadway, New York. 




Assets, ..... 
Income, ..... 

Sum Assured (now business) 1871. 

—All Cash, 
Purely Mutual, 



. $20,000,00(1 (H). 
. $S,000,0 0.00. 
. $41,804,027,00. 



Divideml.'^ Annually. 

Ef|ni<n1>li' BuEMiiig', » - 20 T]roa<l Street, 

CHAELESTON ' S. 0, 



CHARLESTON flTTTDF. * HO 

pTcdccoPSOvs and flicmpelvos for nccomplisliiiip; gront and 
similar events. In hotli canes a wcU-intcntioncd people, 
alarmed for their rights, were roused to extraordinary exer- 
tions for securing them. They petitioned, in a legal cliannel, 
for a redress of their grievances: Imt that hcing refused, they 
proceeded to bolder measures. Before they took decisive 
!^teps from which there was no honorable retreat, they both 
cemented their union by an association geneirJly signed 
b.y the inhabitants. The physical force of government in all 
countries rests with the governed; but from the want of 
union and concert, they often quietly submit to be ruled with 
a rod of iron or make such feeble, injudicious efforts in tlio 
cause of liberty as incur the penalties of rebellion ; instead of 
gaining the blessings of a change for the better. Tiie case 
was otherwise in Carolina. In both revolutions, an honest 
people engaged ]>y a solemn agreement to support eacli other 
in defence of their rights, and to yield obedience to the leaders 
«tf their ovni appointment.. "Wiien they liad bound ihcmsclves 
by the tie of an association, they seized their arms — took tlie 
forts and magazines into possession — and assumed tlie direc- 
tion of the militia, A new government, without confusion or 
violence, virtually superseded the existing authority of the 
proprietary governor in one case and of the United States 
Congress in the other. The revohitioncrs, in both, respectfully 
asked their former governors to join them ; but from principles 
of honor and delicacy they declined. On their refusal they 
became private' persons, and tlie people proceeded witliout 
them to organize every department of government by their 
own authority. The popular leaders in one case called them- 
selves a provincial congress, in the otlier a confedeiTue govorn- 
nient ; Imt in ])oth, Avlien the act of revolution was com]>iete<l, 
f hey passed laws in the usual manner — and by manifestoes, 
.iustified their conduct to the wirj-hl. In these procoediPigs 



60 



CO 

o 
>^ 
o 

o 
>< 

>*3 



DQ 




O 



AGENTS FOR 

HOWE'S STANDARD SCALES. MAR VIJ^'S 
FIRE PROOF SAFES, 



CITAULF.STOX r,uir>F„ CI 

neither friction nor party lial any haml. The f!;onoral 
interests of tlic groat ho^\y of the people stood for ihe pohir 
star by which pulilic measures were regidated. 

On the 2«j(h of December, 18G0, Major Robert Anderson 
abandoned Fort MouUrie, and transferred the garrison under 
his command to Fort Sumter. Before removing Jic spiked the 
p[;uns and destroyed tlio carriages. 

That cliangc of base tlirew the community into great 
excitement, and cmbittere<l the feeling tliat had taken posses- 
sion of the puldic mind. That act was looked upon as a 
violation of faith on (he part of Major Anderson, as up to tlie 
evacuation of Fort Motiltrie, there was a mutual agreement 
between South Carolina and the Federal Government, binding 
both parties to refrain from acts of a hostile nature. 

It is worthy of record that the first flag hoisted on the 
ramparts of Fort Moultrie, was the Palmetto ensign of the 
steamer General Clinch, and Major Anderson was the son-in- 
law of the distinguished Georgian for whom the steamer v\'as 
named. 

On the 2Tth of December, Castle Pinckney and Fort 
jNIoultrie were occupied by volunteer commands. The former 
by the r>itlc Cattalion, under Col. J. J. Pettigrew, the latter l>y 
the Washington Artillery, the German Artillery, the Lafayette 
Artillery, and the Marion Artillery, under the command of 
Colonel V/ilmot G. DeSaussure. 

At 12 o'clock on the 11th of April, General Beauregard 
made a formal demand for the surrender of Fort Sumter 
Wiiich was refused by Major Anderson, and General Beaure- 
f^ard proceeded to compel compliance with the demand he had 
rnaile. 

At twenty minutes past four o'clock, on Friday morning, 
April ICtli, the battle was begun by Fort Moultrie, The boom 
of those guns produced the wildest excitement. Hundreds of 



G2 



THE GREAT FERTILIZER 



FOR 






"v^n^^ jxr I^T^s 






M^m oUJ^cb bOJrJiti 

A T Ii A ]S T I f ; 1¥ H ^A. T! F 
T, (I 110 AG, Agi^nt 



CriAULKi-TON (lUIDE. (i.') 

people pus^iid the previous night on the battery, uinl on the 
wharves that commanded a view of Sumter, -and the other 
Ijattcries; aud ^yheu the startling sound Invoke upon the ear, 
instantly the thoroughfares were thronged with' men, women 
and children, rushing with breathless liaste to the field of 
strife. 

Major Anderson replied to the guns of Moultrie wiili three 
wf his barbette guns, and then the battries on*Cummiug's 
Point, Mount I'leasant, Fort Johnson, and the Floating 
Battery, opened a spirited fire of shot and shell. 

This bombardment lasted forty hours. About three thous- 
and shot and shell were fired at the fort, a large number of 
whicli did execution. The attack and tlie defence v/ere 
marked by firmness, spirit and intrepidity ; and it is a fact 
worthy to be remembered, that not one life was lost on either 
side. 

A. D. 18G3. On Tuesday, 8tii April, 1803, another import- 
ant battle was fought, in the prolonged and valiant defence of 
Charleston. 

At two o'clock, in the afternoon, the Northern fleet advanced 
down the main ship channel, in two lines of battle, eacii 
line composed of four monitors. 

The first line advanced slo^^■ly toward the buoy about 
fourteen yards from Fort Sumter, the Passaic taking the lead. 

Fort Moultrie opened rapidly by battery on the leading 
monitor. In a a few minutes the barbette battery on the east 
face of Fort Sumter, commanded by Capt. Fleming opened. 
At ten minutes past three Battery Bee, and Forts Wagner, 
Beauregard, and the Battery on Cumming's Point, joined in 
the melee, and the engagement became general. 

The first line steamed up one monitor after another 
to the fort, remained under fire about thirty minutes, and retire 1 
content with the glory they had won. 



01 



FOlrlEIQlSr 

LACES AND EMBROIDERIES, 

FANCY ARTICLES, 
CLOAKS AND SHAWLS, 

263 King Street, GliarlestoE, S. C. 
^CHAS E "sT C U T Tl N O, 

FASHIONABLE 

Boot, Shoe and Tmnk Efflporinm, 

24 5 KIHG- STREET, 

(OProSlTE WAVKitLY II0U8K.) 

STOCK REPLENISHED WEEKLY. 

p. \ CHASE, ) ( DSVir P, CUTTING, 

Fomiorly with T. !\L Bristoll & Co. [ \ 

Ijig Boot bToiiK. ) ( Fonn liv witli AV.G.WUildcn & Co. 



CHARLESTON (iVJiDE. 65 

Then the second line of nionitoi-^ advanced, led by tlic 
Keokuk. This splendid war-craft took her position within 
nine hundred yards of Fort Sumter, which fort poured a 
concentrated fire on the daring vessel, the other batteries 
plying her with all vigor. 8he stood the storm manfully for 
forty minutes, wlien she retreated so damaged, both in turrets 
and hull, that making lier way out of the fight with riddled 
smokestack, and steam escaping from the holes in her sides, 
she went down the next morning at her anchorage. 

During the engagement the monitors fired ninety balls, only 
about forty of wliicli struck Fort Sumter. The Fort sustained 
considerable damage. None were killed. 

Nearly the whole of Morris Island was captured by the 
Federals on July 10th, and this was followed by two unsuc- 
cessful attempts to take Battery Wagner, in v/hich after 
sutfcring terribly in killed and v;ounded the Northern: troops 
were compelled to fall back; but it was on the 18th of the 
same month that the most bloody struggle for the possession 
of the Battery took place, in which the Confederate forces 
held their own, and lost ynly one hundred to the attacking 
party's fifteen hundred. 

Early in August, the enemy opened fire on Sumt«r, from a 
battery of Parrott guns, distant two miles and five-eights 
from the fort. TliC steady and ctfectivc cannonading was 
maintained at regular intervals, until the grand old fort was 
abandoned. Its successful defence is an achievement that 
reflects immortal glory on the intelligence, skill, perseverance 
iind valor of all who shared its dangers and difficulties. 

On Friday night August 21st General Q, A. Gilmorc 
demanded the surrender of the fort, threatening in 
default of compliance to bombard the city, and allowing only 
four hours for a reply, General Gilmore's communication was 
received by General Beauregard _at nine o'clock on Saturday 



A NATIONAL SAVINGS BANK. 

FEEEDMAH'S SAVINGS AND TRUST 

COMPAir/, 

The only Savings Bank Charter d by the United Sta'cs Govemincijfc. 
has 33 liraiiclies. $3,850,000 on Deposit, Divides all the profits witJi 
the depositors and pays six per ceul. coiu|)Ound interest Interest eom- 
nienced the first day of every month. CnA.ELEST n Bijanch, 74 Droad 
Street. Office hours from 9 A. M. to i P. M. Saturdav cvjuinfra from 
5 to 8 to receive deposits. Kathan EiTrER, Cashier. 

J. W. ALFOixD, President. D. L. Eaton, Actuary. 

D"X^N TTITL A'I a g e ' s sTTn^s , 
I^ I O E , 

ADGER'S WHARF, 

CHARLESTOITt S^ C. 

Joliu F. Talmage. Van Nest Talmuge. 
108 Water Street, l?ew-York, 

No. 31 BROAD STREET, 

CH&HLEIST'ON, S0> CA. 

Gko. L. Holmes. Key Box 44. Alex. Maohktii. 

STOCK AND PxE&L ESTATE BROKERS, 

NO. 27 BBOAD STBEET, 

CHARLESTON, S, C. 

T. PlNCKNEY LuWNDKS. BeIIKLEY GlUJlliALL. 



CriAllLESTON UUIDE. G7 

but Ijctweeii uno and two o'clock that morning, the Northerners 
opened lire on the city, and threw thirteen eight-inch shells, 
at intervals of about fifteen minutes. One shot struck the 
store of Ct. W. Williams & Co., at the corner of Church and 
Hayne streets, doing some damage to the building, and setting 
fire to some loose straw. The fire caused no little excitement, 
but it was easily put out. 

Those shells were thrown from a battery located in the 
marsli between Morris Island and Black Island over five miles 
from Charleston. 

That was the beginning of a bombardment prolonged 
through many weary months. There were thousands of shells 
thrown into the city from the batteries on Morris Island, but 
though many buildings were struck, few lives were lost, and 
the damage done was far from being an equivalent for the 
vast sum of money the shelling cost. 

The Federal success on the 10th July, made it evident that 
Morris Island must eventually fall into their hands. Its 
defence had been marked by resolution and valor that reflects 
undying fame on the men who shared the dangers of that 
memorable campaign. 

After maintaining the defence for forty-eight days, Morris 
Island was evacuated Sunday night, September 6tl,', 18G3. 

There were many spirited contests on the Islands and 
around the defences of Charleston in 1863 and -'64, the last 
of whicli of great importance was that of John' s Island, which 
took place on July 9th, 18G4, in which the Southerners gained 
a decisive victory. 

From the battle of John's Island to the day upon which 
Charleston was evacuated, no event of special interest occurred. 
The hostile gun continued to play upon the batteries and the city, 
killing and wounding and setting fire, but without accomplish- 
ing any end at all commensurate with the immense outlay of 



68 

GEO. A. TRENHOLM & SON., 

NO. I BROAD ST., 

Orders executod, iiivesfiiicnta m^ido and negotiations con- 
ducted on comuiission, at home and abroad. 

Advances made on consignments. 

Information obtained and furuislicd aa to Foreign Marlietb 
aud Soutlicru llesourccs. 

General Agenis for 

J. B. SAllDY & SOIN'S, 

COMMKRCIAL FkKTILIZF.RS AND 

SOUTH CAROLINA PHOSPHATES. 

Manufactured at tbc Wappoo Mills, Asliley Kiver, C'liarles- 
ton, S. C. 

Importers and Sole Agents in Southern States for 

PORTLAND CEMENT, 

Messrs. J. B, White Bros., London. 

SILICATE PAINTS, 

The Silicate Paint Co., Liverpool. 

IMPERIAL MANURES, 

Messrs, (JrifUths, Bettisou's &, Co., LiverpooL 



CIlAllLESTON (IL'IDE. ^''^ 

«kill. htbor, pcrsevcraucc and money. The cud ul la.t ^^u. 
iittaiued. The goal v/as reached and the prize won. Charles- 
ion was evacuated on the ITth February, 1805. 

The Federals took possession of the works around the city, 
l.ut not until after they were abandoned. Every ellort they 
made to accomplish that end had been frustrated. The battles 
fuuo-ht on the land, had resulted in defeat. Fort Sumter was 
turn to pieces by shot and shell. Day and night, for many 
months, the storm of battle smote and shook its walls, until 
their strength and symmetry was so marred, it pained the 
heart to behold it ! 

Following is the official correspondence between the Mayor 
of the city^and Lt. Col. Bennett, in command of the Federal 
forces near the city. 

To the General Commandimj the Army of the U. S at Morru 
Island : — 

Sir:__The military authorities of tlie Confederate States 
have evacuated this city. I have remained to enforce law, and 
preserve order, until you take such steps as you may think 
best, 

Very respectfully, 

Your obedient servant, 
(Signed,) CHARLES MACBETH, 

3Iai/or, 
Head Qua., U. S. Forces, Charleston Harbob, 

North Atlan'ic AVharf, Feb. 18, 1805. 

Mayor Charles Macbeth : 

I have the honor to acknowledge the receipt of your commu- 
]iication of this date. I have in reply thereto, to state that 
the troops under my command will render every possible assis- 



70 



iiNTE 



IMrOKTEU OF 



FINE FANCY GOODS, 

Toy,j, Dolls, Games, Ohildrea's Carnages, rrencli Ooufec- 
tionery, Piro Works, India Subber G-oods, 

SUcn AS CLOTHING, NUIi;SEKY SHEEriNG, &c, 

22\^ KING STREET, 2 doors above Market, 







CnARLE.'^TON DT'IDT:. 71 

tance to your wcll-di^^pnsod citizens in cxtingnisliinp; tlic firos 
now iHirning. 

1 liiivc tl-e lionov to 1)0, Maycir, 

Very respectfully. 
Your oheflient servant, 
(Ri<rnp(l,) A. n. r.ENNETT, 

Lievt Col. Cnmmnndinf] U. S. Forces, Chnrln^fov. 
Tlie navy took possession of Fort ]Moul(ric and Castle Pinck- 
ney, and a volunteer party of ten men from jMorris Island 
planted tlie U. S. tlag on Fort Simiter. 

Tlie city is recoverinp; from tlie efr'ccts of the homhardment 
and the scars of war are being rapidly effaced. Energy is 
marking the transaction of business; now entorprisos are being 
started daily, and the near future of tlie city is a bright one, 
the brighter for the gloom from which it is emerging. The 
advertisements in this book may be taken as an indication of 
■what the business prospects are; though but comparatively 
few of the business houses are included owing to want of space ; 
they arc the best and the rest are many and scarcely liehind. 



72 

I>EALER IN 

WiS»©W ©OElAlMi. 
FarnitarG Coverings, Laco Curtains & Window/ Dec- 
orations, Piano and Table Covers, "Window 
Shades and Hollands, 

PAPER HANGIMS AND DECORATIONS, 

Mattrksses made to Order and Rkpaired. 
LouTiRea and Chairs iip'iolstercd on Reasonable Terms, at 

^ 4 r^ Iv I IV O H T R K 13 "^I' ^ 

OPPOSITE WAVEllLY HOUSE. 
Wm. P. Uavencl. Wni. P. Holmes. 0. S. Coffin. 

EAVENEL,IIOLMKS&CO., 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS. 

Agents of Stearncrs for Savannnli, Beanfoit, n«'ori!;o- 
town, and the Pee Dee and Santoc Iv Ivors. 

GIIARLESTOF, S. V.. 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. 



75 



ing on it most of the ^lulilic buildings and a good proportion of 
the wholesale trade. East Bay street is the centre of the 
wholesale trade, however, in everything but dry and fancy 
goods and leather. Broad street is mostly occupied by the deal- 
ers in stocks and the banking and insurance houses, and law- 
yers' ofiices. King street, too narrow for its uses, is the fash- 
ionable shopping street. The cross streets extend from the 
Ashley to the Cooper rivers, from East to West, and viewed 
from a strict hygienic stand— point, are too narrow for health, 
though the opinion of the people one hundred years ago, when 
they were laid out, preferred narrow to wide streets as afford- 
ing shade and as giving more volume and force to the progress 
of the brecKe, The houses in the city are mostly of brick or 
wood, there being but comparatively few of stone. Charleston 
exhibits a peculiar taste in architecture. It is like no other 
city in the Union in this respect. No people could be more 
individual or independent of one another. There are few reg- 
ular rows or blocks of buildings. There is no such thing as 
uniformity in shape or fitting. Each man has built after his 
own taste and there are some singular emanations of fancy ; but 
what is lost in regularity is gained in variety, and with fine 
gardens, open plots of shrubbery, shade and fruit trees, the 
beech and orange, creepers, vines, the rich foliage of the mag- 
nolias, the oak, the cedar, the Tride of India, girdling the 
white dwellings and the green verandahs, the effect is grateful 
and highly pictui*esque. 

There are but few public squares in Charleston, and what 
there are, are generally small ; there is less need for them 
here than in cities where a large proportion of the private 
dwellings are crowded, together for in tliis city most of the 
houses of the better class may be said to have each its square. 
City Hall Square is insignificant ; Citadel Square is a moder- 
ately large parade ground, and in the upper parts of the city 



7G 



VJA SAVANNAH TWICE A WEEK, 




THE SPLENDID STEAMERS. 

DICTATOR Captain Coxetter. 

CITY POINT, Captain McMillan. 

WILL SAIL AS FOLLOWS : 

The DICTATOR will leave Charleston every Tuesday/ 
Evening, at 8 o'clock. 

The CITY POINT on every Friday Uoening, at 8 o'clock. 
FOR FERNANDINA. 

JACKSONVILLE, 

PALATKA 
AND ALL LANDINGS ON ST. JOHN'S RIVER. 
These Steamers connect with Rail Roidat Tocoi for St. 
Augustine, and at Jacksonville with Steadier Starlight "for 
Mellonville, Enterprise, and all landings on Upper St. .John's 
and at Palatka with Steamers for the Oklawaha Piiver. 

Close connection is also made with Steamships at Cedar 
Keys for New Orleans and Havana, shippers can rely on no 
detention of freights to New Orleans, and at lowest rates. 

For Freight or Passage, having first-class accommodations 
apply to 

HAVENEL & CO., Agents, 

Corner Vanderhorst's Wharf and East Bay. 

Jg@°^ Through Bills of Lading given to New Orleans. 

j^^"" These Steamers connect with Steamer SAN ANTO" 
NIO, at Savannah, for Darien, Brunswick, Satilla Pv.iver and 
all intermediate landings. Freights prepaid for these 
points here. 



CHARLESTON OUIDE. 77 

ilicrc are several small enclosures equal to a block each which 
arc attractive though not much frequented. 

The city is resorted to in summer as a watering place by the 
people of the country, less now than before the war, and those 
who do come spend most of their time on Sullivan's Island of 
which more anon. 

The city covers a considerable extent of territory, more 
than its number of inhabitants would seem to imply as in other 
cities, in consequence of the suburban character of so many of 
its residents. The dwelling houses of the wealthy and the old 
families are generally isolated having large open grounds on 
every side which are cultivated in gardens. Rare exotics, the 
finest fruits, the peach, the nectarine, the orange fill these 
spaces and, with the vine, impart a rich tropical character to 
the aspect of the abodes, which in themselves may be neither 
large nor magnificent. Ample piazzas and verandahs ranging 
from one to three stories give coolness and shade to the dwelling. 
The fire of 1861 destroyed many of the largest business blocks 
and private dwellings but enough are left to indicate the char- 
acter of the v/hole city and show what it will be when trade 
prospering under the influence of peace and the devolopment 
of the great resources of the country build the city again and 
restore it to its ant&belhtm splendor. Railroads emerging from 
the city pass into the heart of the State, penetrate the moun- 
tainous i-egion and with their numberless branches form con- 
nections with the neighboring States of North Carolina, Geor- 
gia, Tennessee, Alaba.ma and Mississippi. Hence it is that 
Charleston is destined to be one of the greatest, if not the 
greatest, mart in all the South for the great staples, cotton, 
rice, tobacco, indigo, grain, bacon, wheat, tar, pitch, turpen- 
time, and to a great degree, for vegetables and fruits with 
which, through steamships, she supplies New York and other 
northern cities. In ihe immediate vicinity are t!;rowii the tine 



78 

THE SOUTH CAROLINA 

Seed and Agricultural Warehouse, 

353 KING STREET, 

^n<^-'m ^w 3F s> €> w ^ 

woodt tiit, willow wars and 
house; fuhitishiitg goods in 

VARIETY. 
Successors to Landretli & Co, 

NortheasterD Railroad Company. 

Trains will leave Charleston Daily at 10.15 A. M, and 5.00 
P. M. 

Arrive at Charleston 7.30 A.M. (Mondays cscepted) and 
2.45 P. M. 

Train does not leave Charleston 5.00 P. M, Sundays. 

Train leaving 10.15 A. M. makes through connection to New 
York, via Richmond and Acquia Creek only, going through 
in 44 hours. 

Passengers leaving by 5,00 P. M. train have choice of route, 
via Richmond and Washington, or via Portmouth and Balti- 
more. Those leaving Friday by this Train lay over on Sun- 
day in Baltimore. Those leaving on Saturday remain Sun- 
day in Wilmington, N. C. 

This is the cheapest, quickest and most pleasant route to 
Cincinnati, Chicago and other points West and Northwest, 
both Trains making connections at Washington with Western 
Trains of Baltimore and Ohio Railroad. 

S. S. SOLOMONS, 
Engineer and Superintendent. 

P. L. CLEAPOR, Gcn'l Ticket Agent. 



CHARLESTON OUIDE. 79 

cotton of the sea islands and the largest rice crops of the United 
States. 

Among the sights in Charleston the most renowned is 

FORT SUMTER. 

This renowned ruin, situated at the entrance of our beauti- 
ful harbor between Morris' Island, and Sullivan's Island, and 
known throughout the civilized world on account of its connec- 
tion with the late civil war and the important part it played in 
its inauguration, dates its foundation back to nullitication 
times. Its history until the latter period was only interesting 
to the parties engaged in its construction. It was built after 
the old style of casemated brick forts and was arranged for 
three tiers of guns, two in casemates and one in barbette. 
The points connected with Major R. Anderson's strategic 
movement, when transferring his little command from Fort 
Moultrie to Sumter, are still fresh in the minds of all and the 
liombardmcnt on the 12th, and 13th of April 1861, and Major 
Anderson's conditional surrender on the 14tli, after a brave 
and stubborn defence, are matters of history. For a couple of 
years the Confederates held undisputed possession and during 
this time they greatly strengthened the inside with sand bags 
and fascines. On April 6th, 1863, Sumter was a second time 
bombarded, this time by the Union iron clads, Weehawken, 
Passaic, Montauk, Patapsco, New Ironsides, Catskill, Mantuc- 
kct, Nahant and Keokuk, under the command of Admiral 
Bupont, with an unimportant result. When General Gilmore 
took command of this Department he felt the necessity of occu- 
pying Morris Island ; a combined naval attack gained him a 
footing on the south end, but here he found his advance re- 
tarded by the guns of Sumter. He consequently built several 
heavy batteries, and on their completion in conjunction with 
the iron clads he opened an irregular bombardment on the 
obstacle on August 18th, 1863, which continued until the 



80 

TST M . ]\r c L E A. N , 

JOBBElt AND DEAIiEE IN 

TOYS. TRIMMINGS AND PAN(^Y GOODS, FANCY CHINA, MUSICAL 
INSTKUMENTS AND SI KINGS, ZEPHYR WORSTEDS, BAS- 
KETS. GLASS SHADED. 
Also Southeni Acent for 
W. II. Coke ('33 C hatham St., N. Y.) Show Cases. 

844 KING STREET. 

II I I^ /V ]VI M A. R^ I^ I H , 

Ql HASEL STREETt 

(Opposite Southern Express Office.) 

On the route between the Hotels and Kinor Street 
Every description of Bookbinding executed at fliis office. 
Names engraved on r>ooks, travelling cjiscs, etc , in I bo 
best style. 

WILLIAM S. HASTia & SON; 

srmsi Mm mmmm wmmm, 

43 BROAD STREET, 
CHA^IiLiESTOlV, SO. C^V. 

HOMOEOPATHIST. 
Office No. 70 HASEL STREET, 



CHARLESTON OTTIDE. 81 

24th, of the same month when General Gilmorc reported Sum- 
ter •' a shapeless mass of ruins.'' Though occupied after that 
date it was no longer of use to the Confederates, as the batte- 
ries on Morris Island completely covered it. Its appearance 
after its evacuation on February 17th, 18G5, was ruinous in the 
extreme; the sides facing Morris Island and the sea were almost 
totally demolished, most of the casemates had filled in and the 
interior was filled with loose brick, and shot and shell, of all 
sizes. Strong as it was supposed to be, at the breaking out of 
the rebellion, a two days bombardment, from a few hastily 
constructed batteries, brought its first garrison to terms and a 
seven days irregular fire from land and sea, left it in "a shape- 
less mass," This is a brief outline of the war history of Sum- 
ter. The. jagged marks of war are now, however, being rapid- 
ly obliterated. Colonel Ludlow, an engineer of great experi- 
ence, superintends the reconstruction and he is determined to 
push the work as rapidly as possible. It will retain its old 
shape, but in future it will rank among " heavy water batte- 
ries ;' the outside wall will be rebuilt at a height ranging 
from thirteen to twenty six feet ; above this a heavy earthen 
parapet will be constructed, which will slope off at a considera- 
ble angle on the inside ; on this parapet at regular intervals, 
well protected, four two hundred pound Parrot rifled anl nine 
fifteen inch smooth bore guns will he mounted, the present 
dock and Sallyport will be removed and a new entrance will be 
constructed on the west side. Relic hunter's can reach the 
Fort, any day, in sail boats from Southern Wharf. The most 
commodious of these little crafts in the sloop yacht Annie, 
whose accommodating Captain can always be found at the last 
named wharf. The fort is at present in charge of Ordinance 
Sergeant James Kearney who offers every facility to strangers. 

FORT MOULTRIE AND VICINITY. 

This renowned fortress on Sullivan's Island, though still a 



82 



OHlSTOfi CHEWS "^ ^ 



5,^.*v^( »» ^J XJ^ x^>^.^ 



IMPORTERS AND WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 



STAPLE AND FANCY 



IDR Y GOODS, 



41 HAYNE STREET, 



.r^ (S (» (1^ Gt 



A. S. Johnston, J. M. Brawley, 

A. J. Crews, A. S. J. Perry, 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. 83 

fort, is quite a ruin. The walls still stand, and the furnace 
for heating shot, and there are a few cannon mounted, but 
the barracks are all gone. It is truly a melancholy sight to 
gaze upon the wreck of a fortification standing dilapidated 
upon a spot where so much glory has iTeen won. At the 
northern outlet of the fort attention is arrested by a modest 
iron railing surrounding a grave over which stands a marble 
slab bearing the name of Osceola. Here rest the remains of the 
celebrated chief of the Seminolcs who remained a half hostage 
half prisoner from the conclusion of the Seminole war in 
Florida to the time of his death in the fort ; not in close 
confinement for he was allowed to wander over the island. 
Some admirers of his noble character and lofty patriotism 
have erected the humble memorial over his remains. Extend- 
ing from the fort down to the beach was a line of petty forts 
or earthworks the site of which is yet distinct. The first of 
importance is Fort Beauregard, a common earthwork, but 
somewhat improved in strength since it was first manned by 
the Vigilant Rifles, in the spring of 1861. There are no guns 
on the fort now, and its peaceful appearance is still further 
increased by the Surf House, which has been erected since 
the close of the war for the accommodation of visitors to the 
island. In front of Fort Beauregard is the most beautiful 
part of Sullivan's Island beach. It is a wide and almost level 
strip of hard white sand, with a few sea shells scattered hero 
and there over its surface. Years ago the shells were numer- 
ous, and many of them of rare beauty, but for a long time 
they have been scarce, whether because of their being carried 
off by visitors, or on account of the increase of steam naviga- 
tion in the harbor, it is difficult to tell, but probably both these 
causes have combined with others to diminish the number of 
shells on the beach. Towards the eastern end of the island 
is the Myrtles, and near by the old battery wliich used to be 



84 

HO 34 WENTWOETH STREET, 
GHAPlLESTOW, s. g. 

New and efficacious treatment of 

RHEUMATISM AND NEUR \LGIA. 

In nil other arthritic coraplalnts.asrheumatiam.gout.ncixralRla.&c., this 
praotico i3 almost perfecf.. The most intense paius arc almost instantly 
relieved, enormous swellings are reduced, limbs which have been con- 
tracted aud btiff for years are relaxed. Cases of twenty, thirty and forty 
years' standing hnve been cured by me after all other mems have failed. 
A grett accomplishment is my triumph over pain by which I can often 
in a tew moments, soothe and carry off the most excruciating suffertuga. 
If this system did nothing more than to relieve pain, it would stand su- 
pcrior to any other system extant. Thousands t-uflor Irom tliat iiiost 
annoying, disagreeable and offensive complaint, Catanh, without Unow- 
ing wnat it is. Often the secreted mucous, flowing down the throat, 
clogs up the lun^ sand lays the foundation for consumption. The most 
skillful phvsicians fail to cure it. I cure any case of obstruction stoppod 
up h^ad, discharges of greenish, thiclr, thin, or u'lairy mucous from the 
nose, internal or external pain or fullness between tlio eyes, constant 
blowing of th3 nose, inflamm ition of the nas '1 pass.ig.^s, ulceration of 
schuciderian membrane, &c., in the course of a few days. 

DEAFNESS. 
I am daily treating all affections of the ear with the most gratifv ing 
results. Some who paid aurlsts nearly $1000 without be.. clit have been 
cured by mt in a few weeks at a moderate expense. 

MERCURIAL DISEASES. 
Mercury, injudiciously used, has filled the earth with wrecks of I'u- 
manity. Thousands suifer from its effects who have been unconsciously 
drugged by their physician. It is vain to attempt the cure of the majorily 
of diseases while it remains in the body. Although I have heard of sev- 
eral so-called antidotes for mercury in the human body, I have never yet 
seen a physician who could eUminate It from the systom. I can satisfy 
any patient or physician that I can absolutely abstract mcrcury,lt.ad,zinc, 
aud other mineral poisons in every case. 

CANCERS. 

Every description of Cancer and Tumor, I treat with the greatest suc- 
cess. After the Charlatans styling themselves "Cancer Doctors," have 
given uij Cancers and they are pronounced Incurable I never fail to 
make a permanent cure. My terms for treating Cauce "s are based on the 
ago and condition of the patient. 

Office hours from 9 A. M, to 7 P. M, 



CHARLESTON CUIDF. 85 

manncl hy the Washinjrton Light Infantry in 1801. is a fine 
view of the open sea, and Drunken Dick Shoals aud Long 
Island. Just back of this is the old camping ground of 
Pettigrew's llilie Regiment at the time of the first bombard- 
ment of Fort Sumter. The houses on the island are generally 
small, even wlien they attain the dignity of two stories, 
although there arc several that are of respectable 
size and appearance, especially in the neighborhood of 
Fort Moultrie. Sullivan's Island, with its mementoes of 
of peace, its relics of war, its gradually returning prosperity, 
upon the very confines of an uncertain ocean, is a condensed 
epitome of the whole Southern country and its unfathomable 
future. 

The steamer Pocosin, Captain Gannon, makes several trips 
dally from the Market street wharf, and visitors can set their 
minds on being courteously treated and well cared for while 
in transit to and from the island. 

morris' island. 
On the wide, white beach at Camming' s Point, where were 
the Mortar Battery and Stevens' Iron-Clan Battery, we see 
a large earthwork, the remains of "Fort Putnam." Two or 
three one-hundred pounder Pam-ot guns are bearing on the 
city, and arc placed a.t an elevation of almost forty-five 
degrees ; a few more guns are pointing in the derection of 
Sullivan's Island, and a stockade fence divides Fort Putnam 
from the marsh, and an old flag staff still stands but bears no 
colors. In strolling up the old military road one passes a 
continuous series of fortifications, resembling Fort Putnam in 
almost every respect for about a half a mile. At length we 
come to Battery Wagner. That fort now consists only of two 
high sand walls, extending entirely across the island, which is 
here very narrow, joined by a short wall on the sea side, and 
the embankment is higher on the sea side than elsewhere. In 



80 • . 

FOGARTIE'S BOOK DEPOSITORY. 

SCHOOL BOOKSt CLASSICAL BOOKS, 
Sunday Sct\ool Library Books, 

nmrnh emm, eielsSj aiii mmn. 

Miscellaneous and Theological Booksi 
JUVENILE BOOKS, 

And a general Assortment of 

SCHOOL AND MISCELLANEOUS STATIONEP^Y. 

N-D. — Dooks will be sent to any part of the country by Mail 
or Express, free of hxtra charge, on receipt of Publislier s 
price. 

(in the bend), 

CHARLESTON, S. C, 

WILLIAM G. WHILDEN, 

WATCHES, JEWELRY, SILVER WARE, 




CROCKEEY, CHINA AND GLASSWAHE, 



Porpons residing out rf the City, can have their ordcrg carcl'uUy flllcd 
and all iufonui^ti n uh to quality and price given. 



CIIAUIiESTON (JUIDE. ^7 

front of the fort is a large canal, now dry, and not very dee}*, 
but which was probably much deeper and filled with water 
when the battery was built. 

The appearance of Morris' Island, in front of Battery 
Wagner, has much changed. The houses have all disappeared, 
and the hill on which they stood has disappeared also. 
Vinegar Hill, the old encampment of the Irish Volunteers, 
and in fact the island is a perfect flat up to the old sand hills 
where the Lighthouse used to stand. Just across Lighthouse 
Inlet is Folly Island, where Gilmore erected his masked 
battery, and thus gained a march on his antagonists that was 
never recovered. A walk back to Cumming's Point along the 
beach gives one an opportunity to enjoy a fine sea view and 
to pick up sea shells which are quite plentiful. Morris' 
Island beach is in every way more attractive than that of 
Sullivan's Island; it is wider, whiter, dryer, commands a 
better view of flie ocean, and has a greater variety of shells. 
A walk on Morris' Island is as pleasant an episode in an 
afternoon's sail as would be furnished by any locality of the 
harbor. 

ABOUT THE IIARDOB. 

Nearest the city, is Castle Pinckney, with its unscarrcd 
earthworks, bristling cannon, and neatly finished barracks. 
It played an unimportant part in the war. 

Somewhat further, almost in mid-channel, are the crumbling 
ruins of Fort Ripley, a small but powerful earthwork, built 
during the war, on an artificial foundation, to protect the city 
from any advance of the enemy's shipping. It is now in a 
very dilapidated condition, and entirely dismantled. Beyond 
that are the green banks of .Tames' Lsland. on which stand the 
remains of Fort Johnson, from which the first shell of the 
war was thrown. On the left Mount Pleasant and Chri.st 



88 

CHAIILESTON, 8. C. 

G-.rr. JLLFOi^D & CO, 

:e=l. Ec^f^is/iii-jTOisr, 



I'EllSONS VISITINO CHARLESTON SIIOIUjD NOT FAIL 
TO VISIT 

HOUSTON'S 

EXCELSIOR OHROMO-FERROTYPE 
333 KING STREET. 

The finest Art Gallery in the Southern St^ites. Up only 
one flight. Gentlemanly and experienced Operators always 
in attendance. Instructions given in the art and outfit.s 
furnished, also Photographic Slock of every description for 
sale. 

FEANK K. HOUSTON, Artist 



OIIAllLE.'rTuN (iUIDE. 8[) 

Cliurcli, (he blue \v iters of the Wanlo an I Cojper, and the 
upper wharves of the city complete the circle. 

MOUNT PLEASANT. 

AValkiiig up the wharf, the words arc seen ''Mount Pleasant 
Headquarters," painted in large, black letters on the side of a 
whitewashed house. On the left is the lot left vacant by the 
burning of the Mount Pleasant Hotel, a short time before the 
commencement of the war, which is still unoccupied, and has 
become so grass-grown that, being altogether unenclosed, 
there is now no sign that it ever was the site of a handsome 
building. 

Perhaps the most interesting spot in the' little village, and 
the one that will attract most visitors, is the 

soldiers' bukying ground. 
It contains about an acre of ground in an elevated situa- 
tion, and here lie buried not only the remains of Confederates 
and Federal soldiers who died or were killed during the late 
war, but also those of the State troops who died during the 
war of 1812. To the memory of these last a monument was 
erected many years ago, which still stands, and, though in a 
somewhat dilapidated condition, is the most conspicuous 
object in the burial ground. It is built of brick, and the 
upper part is a pyramid, which rests on a square foundation, 
on two of the sides of which marble slabs have been let in, 
while (he other two have been covered with Avliite plaster to 
resemble the marble. One Of the slabs bears the following 
inscription: "On the 18th of June, 1812, the United States 
of America declared war against Great Britain. At the first 
sound of the trumpet, the patriot soldiers who sleep beneath 
this monument flew to the standard of liberty. Here they 
fell beneath the scythe of Death. The sympathies of the 



00 

L> F. Fleming. Sam'l. A. Nelson. Jiiraes M. Wilson 

WHOLESALE DEALERS IN 

BOOTS, SHOES AND TRUNKS, 
No. 2 HAYNE STREET, 

(CORNKR OF CHURCH.) 

No pains have been spared in endeavoring to render our 
large assortment of Goods attraciive and desirable ; and 
nothing has been left undone, that long experience and assid- 
uity could suggest, to deserve a share of your patronage. 

Having perfected arrangements by which we receive our 
goods DiRKCT from the manufacturers, ensure our customers 
he great advantage of purchasing them at the very lowest 
rates and of the most desirable sizes. 

In prices and quality we believe they will compare favora- 
V)ly with any other stock in this city or cl.«<ewhere. We shall 
be pleased to otfer these Goods for your inspection, at any 
time you may favor us with a call. 

All orders will have our careful and prompt attention. 
Yours, respectfully; 

D. F. FLEMING & CO. 



niAllLESTON (iUIDE. Dl 

brave, llie tear of tlie stranger, and the sluw drc^ci oi" the 

camp attended them to their tomh: 

' ' -now sl^ep the brave -wlio sink to rest, 
With all their country's wishes blest. 
The laurel leaf of ^hininp green 
Will still around their tomb be eeeu.' " 

On the other side is the following inscription bearing the 
names of those who rest beneath: 

"Sacred to the memory of Sergeants Tillman, Goodrich, 
and Adam C. Spencer; also, of William Aarant, David 
llutland, John Y/illiams, John A. Placide, Thomas Madden, 
William jMcLellan, Henry Kilgore, John Taylor, John Bruce, 
and Harris Lancaster, private soldiers of the 3d regiment of 
State troops." 

Scattered irregularly around this monument arc the graves 
of some fifty or sixty Confederate soldiers, without a head 
board, and, in some cases, without even a mound to mark the 
last resting place of men who poured out their blood in de- 
fence of their country. 

FORTIFICATIONS. 

Of these not much can be said. At the eastern extremity 
of Mount Pleasant, is an earthwork green with grass, which 
was once mounted with two guns. This took part in the 
bombardment of Fort Sumter in 1861, and Captain Johnson, 
afterwards Lieutenant Colonel Johnson, of the Hampton Legion, 
supported the battery with his company of volunteers. The 
battery was never again in action, and Col. Johnson only 
once — at the first battle of Manassas — where he fell gallantly 
leading his men into the foremost of the fight. At the other 
end of the village there is also a small earthwork, but it was 
never mounted. Some five or six miles from the village is a 
long line of breastworks, extending from the Wando River to 
the seashore. Although without any important fortifications. 
Mount Pleasant was, during the wholxi war, a depot for troops, 



92 CIIAULEHTON (iUIDE. 

and fur stores. The present Mount Pleasant House was used 
as a hospital. From IladdrelFs Point, the extreme east end 
of Mount Pleasant, ran a military bridge to Sullivan's Island. 
This bridge was frequently shelled from the Yankee batteries 
on Morris' Island. It is a fact worthy of note that the first, or 
certainly, the second shell thrown into Charleston, struck in 
Broad Street, opposite the large building then, and now, 
occupied by the extensive establishment of Walker, Evans & 
Cogswell. This large Stationery, Printing and Binding House 
has been established since 1832 and is an institution of the 
city, worthy of all support and encouragement. It is the 
largest of its kind in the South and the Charlestonians are proud 
of it. It shows what can be done by hard work, energy and 
brains. Re-commencing in 1865, on a very small capital, they 
are now doing far more trade than in the halcyon days of 
antebellum times. It is one of the most busy places in our city ; 
the rush of customers, and the hum of the machinery, giving 
life and activity, unequalled elsewhere. They keep an immense 
stock, have the most improved machinery, the most skillful 
workmen, and compete in quality and price with any of the 
Northern cities. Their prices are far below those of our sister 
Southern cities. We are told that the prices in Savannah for 
printing arc about 50 per cent, higher than in Charleston. We 
need hardly say that in this establishment you can be supplied 
with all classes of stationery. Their retail stock is complete and 
well selected. Their wholesale stock is all that the merchant 
can desire, and none know so well at what prices to meet 
the country trade as our courteous friends at No. 3 Broad Street. 
We say, do as we do, as well as what we say. The paper on 
which this work is printed, and the type which is used, we 
bought of Messrs. W^alker, Evans & Cogswell. You might as 
well be dead as out of fashion, so follow the popular tide to 
this, the creme dc la crcjnc of establishments. 



CHARLESTON GUIDE. 03 

and ill that way the houses and fences were much iujuvcd, and 
(he hitter, in many iuvStances, entirely destroyed. 

THK NEW CUSTOM HOUSE. 

One of the most prominent hmdmarks that strike the eye of 
the marine voyager, on entering our beautiful harbor, after 
passing the famous ruin of Sumter, is the costly pile of marble 
known as the New Custom House. A good deal of time and a 
great amount of money has been wasted in this construction, 
and yet little improvement was for the length of time percep- 
tible. The rumors as to its probable completion are various, 
and the time required to accomplish the object is placed at 
perio'ls ranging from five to fifty years. The site whereon the 
Custom House is situated was formerly known as Fitzsimmons' 
wharves, and in 1849 was purchased by the United States 
government. In 18-30, Col. E. B. AVhite received the appoint- 
ment as superintendent, and, under his supervision, work was 
at once commenced, aud continued until the late war arrested 
its progress. The foundation consists of seven thousand thirty 
feet spiles, on which rests a heavy layer of grillage ; then 
follows a thickness of eighteen inchs of concrete, on which 
rest a number of inverted arches, built of brick, aud about ten 
feet in height. In March, 1867, Congress appropriated 
$80,000 for the preservation of the building, aud to provide 
temporary accommodation for government officials. These 
accommodations were completed under the directions of the 
late Collector, Dr. A. G. Mackey, and in February, 1808, the 
building was occupied by custom house and internal revenue 
otTicials, and the United States Treasurer. Matters then 
remained in statu quo until May, 1870, when T. IL Oakshott, 
one of the most experienced superintendents in this country, 
assumed the supevintcndency and resumed operations. Tlie 
resumption of work was no slight undertaking. Mr. Mullet t, 
the chief architect of the United States, thought it necessary 



94 

GEO. A. BOWMAM, Agent, 

AND 

OIL CLOTH WARE llOOMS, 

No. 237 KING STREET, 

CHAELEST OIT, S^_C. 

CHARLESTON, S. 0. 

Is the pliCG where stiMagers and others visitiug Uic 

city find all that the " luner Mau " requires. 
His tables are supplied with all the luxuries of the 

scasou, and his liquors need no " bush." 
With good edibles^ good liq'iors and attentive waiters, 

he believes ho ci:i oaslst 'ufly ask a share of public 

patronage. 



CHARLESTON (JUIDE. 95 

(.0 change llic original design; the north and south povticoes 
h.we beeii disGardel and t'uo walls of the four re-entering 
angles will he brought out to one-half instead of thre'e-quar- 
io.r columns, thereby bringing the sides out more prominetly 
and reducing the heavy overljauging of the soffit cornice, on 
the exterior. The pilasters on the north and south will be 
replaced by half columns, similar to the angles. These changes, 
it is thought, will reduce the cost over $i00,009, and at the 
same time give the building an appearance more in accord 
wdth the more improved style of architecture. It is planned 
after the Roman-Corinthian style, and when finished will 
surpass in beauty every public building in the South, Tlie 
yard will be handsomely graded and surrounded with an iron 
railing and stone posts, and a splendidly modeled boat house 
will be placed at the head of the Custom House wharf, with a 
stairs for a boat landing. 

MAGNOLIA CEMETERY. 

Magnolia Cemetery is one of the features of Charleston 
with which every stranger who visits the city should make 
himself acquainted. It is situated beyond the limits of the 
corporation, and is distant three miles from the centre of 
population, and for this reason its mossy oaks and marble 
monuments arc seldom seen by the people at large, save when 
the sharp pain of present grief precludes all appreciation of 
the beauty of the spot. The South Carolina and Northeastern 
Railroads both run within a few hundred yards of the cemetery, 
but the trains do not stop there, except on special occasions, 
and consequently visitors to Magnolia must have recourse to 
the King street and Meeting street roads. The first is the 
more fr<3qrieuted, has more houses along the route, presents fiir 
more appearance of life, and altogether, has more of the look 
of a suburban thoroughfare ; but the second is more picturesque 
•Tnd affords an occasional glimpse of th€ waters and opposite 



9G 

HIIOl BAM OF m. CA., 

mCORPGRi^TElD IN I8I0. 

:o: 

W. r> SMITri, Prcsidnnt. 11. D. ALEXANDER, Cashier, 



® 



FACTORS 



AND 

COMMISSION MERCHANTS, 

CHARLESTON, S. C. 

W. B, Smith. A. II. Jones. L. M. Jones. W. B. Whaloy. 
OonRignmonts solicited, on which Liberal i^dvances will be made. 

'Kl a . w iL g M I m e, ^ 

Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 

Manufacturer of Steam-Penned and Kiln-- 
Dried Candy, 

341 KING STREET. 



CHARLESTON OUTDE. '^'^ 

bfinks of the moandcrins Cooper. In hot weather it is best to 
ride, but on a cool, bright, bracing day, it is most delightful to 
stroll leisurely up the Meeting street road, stopping occasion- 
ally to get a view of the beautiful landscapes that would tempt 
even the eye of a painter. 

Bethany Cemetery, the burial ground of the German popu- 
lation, is first entered. The solemn and touching words, 
.. Ifirr ruket in God," greet the eye at every step, impressing 
ttie imagination with religious awe and forming, as it were, 
an evei-prosent consecration of the hallowed spot. This 
cemetery is beautifully kept, and its white gravelled walks 
shining amid the green shrubbery and the blooming flowers 
under" the aged oaks, illustrate well how nature is im- 
proved by art. Among the more conspicuous monuments, arc 
tliose of Captain Cord Otten, of the German Fusiliers, who 
died in 1859 ; Diedrick Bredenburg, who died in 1840, and 
LudwiiT Eckel, a music teacher, who died at the early age of 
twcnt/-cight. Captain Otten's monument is ornamented with 
a sword "and shield and other military insignia. Ludwig 
Eckel's was erected by his pupils and friends as a tribute to 

his worth. 

Standing in the gate-way, and about a hundred yards 
distant on'^your left, across the still waters of the Serpentine, 
may be seen the small Gothic chapel of the cemetery where 
the burial service is sometimes read. Passing in and keeping 
to the right, attention is attracted by an array of a score or 
more of white wooden head-boards. These mark the resting 
place of Federal soldiers who have died in Charleston. Near 
by is the Confederate burying ground, side by side, and rank 
on raiik, as when they charged the breastworks of the enemy, 
now lie these soldiers. Of that crowd of hillocks, there are 
some that have no mark to tell who lies beneath. Their 
occupants belong to tlie vast throng of the unknown dead— 



98 



SUCCESSOR TO 

JOHN SIEGLING, 

IMPOUTER ANT) DEALER IN 

F'T^^lN^y F O Tl, T J<2 K , 

Music and Mnsical Merchandize, 

. (ESTABLISHED IN 1819.) 

Corner cf King and Beaufain Streets, 

CHARLESTON, S. 0. 



m 



^'9) 



Jo& Printing Establisliment, 

Is prepared to furnish at short notice upon reasonn- 
n))lo ternip, every dcpcription of 

JOB PIIIHTIKG, 

CARDS, BILL HEADS. POSTERS, 
HAND BILLS AND CIRCULARS. 



CHARLESTON CUIDE. 99 

unknown, yet unforgoltcn, living ever in the liearts of tlie 
people whom they died to defend. Passing from tlie Confed- 
erate burying ground you enter the Catholic Cemetery. A 
broa;l white street runs through the middle from east to west, 
in the central and highest point of which is erected a large 
Idack wooden cross. On each side the lots are laid out in 
vari;)us forms— square, circular, semi-circubir, oval, etc. Most 
of the lots are nicely kept, and tlie well-trimmed' cedars and 
shrubbery, and the numerous roses and other flowers, make 
them look like pet gardens. To the best of our recollection, 
the sign of the cross consecrates every grave, wooden crosses 
being erected where there was no other head-board, and 
marble crosses carved on all the upright monuments, while a 
representation of a ci-oss is engraved on the horizontal slabs. 
Climbing a low blulF, the visitor comes upon the burial grounds 
of the Uavenels, lingers and Manigaults, which are all enclosed 
witli iron railings and kept extremely neat. Just back of 
these is a square enclosed with tall, thick, mock orange, and 
back of that again is the burial plot of George W. Williams, 
Esq. A little fiu-ther around, on the bank of the river, is tlie 
well-known vault of the Vanderhorst fondly, with its glass 
door, that permits to every visitor a peep into the house of the 
dead. Through the door can be seen marble monuments set 
in the opposite wall, inscribed in memory of different deceased 
members of the ftxmily. Next to this is the burial place of the 
Middletons, in whicli are a number of low stone crosses, 
which are striking in the midst of a Trotestant burying ground. 
Next, there is a gloomy looking vault with the names of 
Bennett and Gordon, and then another marked McDowall and 
Wragg. Crossing the Serpentine here on a bridge or causeway, 
and making a slight ascent, one comes into one of the prettiest 
parts of the cemetery. This is an island made by the 8erpei> 
tine and marsh. It is covered with a grove of oaks, and one 



ion 



Will iOTiDAY fmm, • 

BOOK AND JOB PI^INTING 
OFFICE. 



ALL WORK DONE WITTI NEATNESS AND DISPATCfl AND 
AT PRICES THAT DEFY COArPlCriTION. 



■:o:- 



IBM 



:o: 

TflE ONLY SUNDAY PAPER PUBLTSIIED IN THE STATF. 

REPLETE WITH ORTOINAL STORIES, EDITORIALS, 

LOCAL ITEMS AND NEWS. 



-:o: 



SUBSCRIPTION PRICE ONLY TWO 
DOLLARS AND A HALF A YEAR. 



J. W. BeLAFO, 

Piiblislior and Proprirlor. 



CHARLESTON OUIDE. 101 

of the first ohjects that strikes the eye is a life-size statue of a 
woman kneeling on a large monument, which, on nearer 
examination, seems to be a vault, and has on it in large letters 
"T. A. Coffin." Just beyond is a lot enclosed by an iron 
railing somewhat in the shape of a coffin, which has E. Gcd- 
dings marked on the gate. On the other side of this is a 
mossy oak that Imngs over the marsh and marks the north- 
eastern extremity of Magnolia. From here is a good view of 
the moutli of Wando River as it opens between Christ Church 
and Daniel's Island, while in the foreground, just across the 
creek, is an ancient mill and a fine market farm, having beau- 
tiful live oaks all along the bank of the creek. yVfter crossing 
the bridge, just on the brow of the hill, is the handsome 
monument of lion. K. Boyce and his wife. It represents an 
altar covered with cloth, and is in the midst of a circular area 
raised above the level of the surrounding soil, enclosed in a 
neat iron railing, and beautified by numerous flowers and a 
thick green hedge. 

The firemen's memento is a small but handsome monument 
erected by the ^Etna Fire Engine Company to the memory of 
Abram Mead, a member of the company, who died of yellow 
fever September 17, 1852, at the age of twenty-one. It is 
made of white marble, and besides the inscription, has a fire 
engine carved upon it, which gives it an unusual appearance 
in a cemetery. 

In the northwest corner of the graveyard is the grave of 
Robert Little Holmes, the first man killed in the war. It was 
the night of January 7th, 18G1. At daylight next morning, 
the guns of the Cadet battery on Morris' Island opened upon 
tlie Star of the West. At his funeral on that day at the Circular 
Church, conversation was divided between the first death and 
the first guns, but the story is well told in the inscription : 
"After the resumption of State sovereignty for South Carolina, 



1'"'- CHARLESTON OUIDE. 

tlic Carolina Liglit Infantry, of which lie was a member, was 
detailed to act as a portion of the garrison of Castle Pinckney, 
and in the performance of that duty he was the first sacriiico 
of life in the service of the State. He met his death from the 
accidental discharge of a rifle in the hands of a sentinel, 
January 7, 1801." At the time of his death he was thirty 
years of age, respected and beloved. A younger brother of 
the deceased, at that time a mere youth, afterwards accompa- 
nied his comrades to Virginia, and was killed in the front of 
battle. 

Among the most beautiful monuments are those to the 
memory of Hugh S. Legare, at one time Attorney-General an<l 
Acting Secretary of State of the United States; the beautiful 
monument of Elbert P. Jones; the tomb of John White, painter 
of the well-known picture "The British Officers Dining with 
Marion on Potatoes;" the Washington Monument, and the 
Washington Light Infantry Monument. The most unique is 
the Wise Monument, a singularly flmtastic structure. 

After a stroll through this beautiful cemetery, the tourist will 
visit the Orphan Asylum on Calhoun street between King and St. 
Philip streets, which is the finest and most commodious build- 
ing of the kind in the South. In the yard of the Asylum may 
be seen the statute of William Pitt already referred to. The 
College of Charleston is situated on Green street between 
College and St. Philip streets ; this Educational Institution has 
a fuculty complete as to numbers and of the highest order of 
talent, and is destined to rank among the first institutions of 
the land. Photographs of the foregoing places of interest can 
l)e obtained at Sender's Photograph Gallery. See his card, 
page 02. 

THE BANKS OF THE CITY. 

The Union Bank of South Carolina was founded in 1810, 
with a capital of one million dollars. At the breakino- out of 



CHARLESTON CiUlDE. 1(J3 

tlie war the bank was in a flonri,s],ii,g coiulilion, hxH in 
common with all the Southern institutions, it most disastrously 
felt the effects of the four years of suspension of business and 
distress, and the deprecation of securities consequent on the 
success of the Feleral arms. After the war closed the bank 
was reorganized under ,the old charter cxtende I and revised, 
with an authorized capital of one million. W. B. Smith, Esn.| 
was elected president, and in common with the other o-'entlc- 
nien connected with the enterprise he bent his enero-ies to its 
resuscitation. The large circulation of the bank was redeemed 
at from eighty cents to par; this was consequent on the 
reliance the general public placed on the powers of the officers 
and the success of the bank. The record of the bank is a 
noble one. H. D. Alexander is the cashier. Its correspond- 
ents are the National Bank of the State, New York; Bank of 
Liverpool, Liverpool, England. 

The Tlanteijs and Mechanics Bank was founded in 
Ibll; capital one million dollars; Charles J. Stedman 
ia-st president. Daniel Ravenel, Esq., was president at the 
lime of the breaking out of the war, when the bank 
was in a most healthy condition. Like its contemporaries it 
was almost obliterated by the war; left with crippled resources 
and a large circulation to redeem. It was reorganized under 
an amended charter with Mr. A. B. Taft as president and 
with an authorized capital of iivc millions. Ur. W. E. Haskell 
is cashier. Correspondents at New York, Chatham National 
Bank. The Planters and Mechanics does a general banking 
and discount business. 

^ Citizens Savings Bank has its headquarters in Charleston, 
S. C, with branches in various places. A. G. Brenlzer, Esq.,' 
is cashier at Columbia, represented here by Mr. Daniel 
Bavenel, Jr., The bank was chartered in 1869 under 
presidency of General Wade Hampton, who has been succcede 1 



101 CHARLESTON (lUIDE. 

by Mr. Win. Martin, of Columbia. Its capital is five millions. 
With its regular banking and discount line it is a popular 
savings bank and its deposits are increasing rapidly. Corres- 
pondents at New York, American Exchange National Bank. 

Bank of Charleston. This well known institution was 
founded in 1834, Mr. James Hamilton, president, It was 
begun to meet a crying want of a rapidly increasing commerce 
for banking facilities, and on an authorized capital of four 
millions, had over three millions one hundred thousand paid 
in. In 18G0 it was one of the widest known banks of the 
United States, its notes being at par in every part of the 
country. Its circulation was immense at the breaking out of 
the war, and it has required the best energies of the officers 
to place it again on a firmer foundation. For the past two and 
a half years it has redeemed its notes at par. The present 
president is A. S. Johnson, Esq.; cashier, Mr. W. B. Burden. 
It is now (June 1st, 1872) about being converted into a national 
bank. Correspondents at New York, National Bank of the 
State of New York. 

Peoples' Bank OF So. Ca., was chartered in 18-31; Edwin 
P. Starr, first president. Its capital was one million, paid in, 
on which it transacted a general banking business and had in 
circulation a large amount of notes, which, after the war, it 
was obliged to redeem. Its charter was extended, and with an 
authorized capital of one million it has successfully resumed 
business. Mr. John Hanckel is president, and Mr. James B. 
Betts cashier. Coi'rcspondents at New York, Importers' and 
Traders' National Bank; 'at Philadelphia, Western National 
Bank. 

The Peoples National Bank was founded in 18G8. D. L. 
ISIcKay first president. Its capital then was only two hundre<l 
thousand dollars but has now increased to one million all paid 
in. C. 0. Witte is the present president ; Mr. II. G. Loper, 



CnAULE8T0N GUIDE 105 

C!i;^]iior. CuircspoiuleiitH ; Natioiuil Bank of N. Y., New Yurk ; 
Bank of Liverpool, Liverpool ; Bank of Liverpool, London, 
England. 

So. Ca. Loan and Trust Co. Though recent in its estab- 
lishment has grown in the favor of the business men. It was 
chartered in 18G'J wit ha paid up capital of three hundred thous- 
and on an authorized capital of live nullions. The first presi- 
dent was Mr. George A. Cameron. Besides its general bank- 
ing, discount and exchange business the bank has a very large 
savings deposit. Cashier, F. A. Mitchell. Correspondents ; 
at New York, American Exchange National Bank ; at I'hila- 
delphia, Union Banking Co; at Baltimore, Merchants National 
Bank ; at Liverpool, England, Bank of Liverpool ; at London 
Baring Brothers & Co. 

The National Frkedman's Savin(!s and Trust Co. of which 
Mr. Nathan Ritter is the representative and cashier here, is one 
of the thirty-three branches of the bank, the only one charter- 
ed by the United States government. It is a carefully man- 
aged and largely successful bank. 

Peoples Savings Lnstitution. This bank, purely a savings 
Institution was incorporated March 1872 ; Mr. Henry S. 
Griggs, Secretary and Treasurer. The method adopted for 
the transaction of business presages its future prosperity. 

Private Bankers. In connection with strict brokerage bus- 
iness the follow firms do a banking business ; Wm. S. Ilastie 
& Son. page 80 ; Holmes & Macbeth, page G6 ; E. M. More- 
land, page 12 ; A. C. Kaufman, page 30 ; Louis D. DeSaus- 
sure, page (3. ^ 

Merchant Bankers. Gcj. W. AVilliimi & Co., page 41 ; 
Geo. A. Trenholm & Son, page 08. 

steamboat lines. 

We advise tourists, traveling for health, or pleasure to 
travel to and from Charleston by steamer. Business men 



lOG 



Mill 

U-, f^ (^, 



between New York and Charleston will find the North Eastern 
Railroad speedy and accommodating. The New York lines arc 
the Clyde Steamers, see rear cover; and the New York and 
Charleston line, James Adger & Co., agents, see page 2(3. For 
rhiladelphia the Clyde line, and for Baltimore the splendid 
steamers of which Mr. Paul C. Trenholm is agent. See page 74. 

For the South, (Savannah and Fiorila) see page 7i3. Wu 
can recommend this line as prefcralde to any other metho 1 of 
o-oino- to and from Charleston Southward, as it saves many 
hours of tedious, tiresome railroading add avoids the insects, 
dust and damps of the swamps onshore. 

Kavenel, Holmes & Co, page 72, are agents for a line of 
steamers to Savanna]), (to which tlie above remarks apply,) 
Beaufort, Georgetown, and the Pee Dee aud Santee rivers. 

HOTELS. 

Pavilion Hotel, G. T. Alford & Co. 
Charleston Hotel, H. J. .Jackson. 
Mills House. 



Deacidified using the Bookkeeper process. 
Neiitralizing Agent: Magnesium Oxide 
Treatment Date; 




1998 
BBRKEEPER 



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